Skip to main content

Full text of "O. A. C. Review Volume 38 Issue 6, February 1926"

See other formats 


Vol.  XXXVIII 


No.  6 


Published  in  the  Interests  of  Agriculture 


FEBRUARY,  1926 


Guelph  Business  Directory 


The  attention  of  the  O.  A.  C.  and  Macdonald  Students  is  drawn  to  the 
following  Directory  of  Guelph  Business  and  Professional  men.  Their  adver¬ 
tisements  help  to  make  your  magazine  a  success.  They  carry  the  best  goods 
and  give  the  best  service  you  can  obtain.  It  is  only  fair  that  you  patronize 
them. 


Bakeries — 

Brown’s  Bakery 
Robinson’s  Bakery 

Banks — 

Dominion  Bank 

Guelph  and  Ontario  Investment 
and  Savings  Society. 

The  Royal  Bank 


Cigar  Stores — 

Murphy  &  Jones 
Russell  Daly 


Caterers — 

The  Kandy  Kitchen 
Geo.  Williams 


Barbers — 

College  Barber  Shop 

Battery  Service — 

City  Battery  Service 

Bicycles — 

M.  J.  Brown 

Book  Stores — 

C.  Anderson  &  Co. 

Bookbinding — 

Burnell’s 

Boots  and  Shoes — 

Cosford’s  Shoe  Store 
J.  D.  McArthur 
Thurston’s 
Agnew’s 

Cafes — 

Dominion  Cafe 
Central  Cafe 
College  Cafeteria 

Candy,  Ice  Cream,  Hot  Drinks — 

The  Kandy  Kitchen 
The  Peacock  Candy  Shop 
Murphy  &  Jones 
Russell  Daly 

You  will  be  doing  the  Review  a 
read  their  advertisement. 


Cleaners  and  Pressers — 

W.  V.  Bagg 
S.  J.  Wimpenny 
Pearl  Laundry 


Confectionery — 

Geo.  Williams 
Robinson’s  Bakery 

Clothiers  and  Furnishings — 
Rollie  Hewer 

D.  E.  Macdonald  &  Bros.,  Ltd. 
Powell’s 

R.  S.  Cull 

Cole  Bros.  &  Scott 
Keleher  &  Hendley 
W.  V.  Baggs 

S.  J.  Wimpenny 
Miller  Wallace 


Dentists — 

Dr.  M.  J.  Rudell 
Dr.  G.  P.  Britton 
Dr.  D.  M.  Foster 
Dr.  Ross  H.  Wing 
Dr.  L.  A.  Garvey 

‘  i 

ice  if  you  tell  these  people  you  have 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


1 


Dry,  Sanitary  Poultry  Houses 

Built  of  Concrete 

Dry,  comfortable  quarters  which  can  he  easily  cleaned  and  ventilated  are 
essential  to  a  profitable  poultry  business.  Birds  kept  under  such  conditions 
are  healthier.  They  breed  better  and  lay  better.  Concrete  is 
growing  in  favor  for  poultry  house  construction.  It  is  permanent  and  proof 
against  rats  and  other  rodents.  It  is  easily  cleaned  and  has  no  cracks  or 
crevices  to  harbor  lice  or  other  parasites.  The  following  table  shows  material 
needed  to  build  a  concrete  poultry  house  like  the  one  illustrated: 

CONCRETE  MIXTURES 

Footings  and  foundation  walls . .  1  2  y2  :  4 

Floor  .  1  :  2  :  3 

Mortar  for  laying  block  .  1  :  3 

MATERIALS  REQUIRED 

(Outside  dimensions,  14x22  ft.  Estimate  based  on  foundation  wall 

extending  3  feet  below  grade) 

Cement . 6  9  sacks 

Sand . . 5  y2  cubic  yards 

Pebbles  or  broken  stone . 8  V2  cubic  yards 

Concrete  block  (8  by  8  by  16  inch) . 400 

Half  Block . . 40 

Write  to-day  for  literature  about  concrete  on  the  farm 

CANADA  CEMENT  COMPANY  LIMITED 

CANADA  CEMENT  COMPANY  BUILDING 
PHILLIPS  SQUARE  MONTREAL 

Sales  Offices  at: 


Montreal 


Toronto 


Winnipeg 


Calgary 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


ii  THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Agricultural  Politics  in  Canada 


are  given  unusual  treatment  in 


A  History  of  Farmers’  Movements  in  Canada 

By  Louis  Aubrey  Wood,  Ph.D. 

WITH  the  study  of  Agriculture  naturally  goes  a  study  of  the 
doings  of  agriculturists.  This  volume  gives  a  comprehen¬ 
sive  treatment  of  the  remarkable  series  of  farmers’  move¬ 
ments  occurring  in  ’Canada  since  1 872,  and  shows  their  effect  on 
the  social,  economic  and  political  life  of  the  country.  Dr.  Wood’s 
aim  has  been  to  show  Canadian  farmers  struggling  through  organiz¬ 
ation  toward  self-expression  and  toward  an  adequate  defence  of 
their  industry.  Particular  attention  is  given  to  the  farmers’  plunge 
into  politics  in  the  several  provinces  as  well  as  in  the  Federal  arena. 
400  pages.  $2.50. 

Get  It  Through  the  College  Bureau 

THE  RYERSON  PRESS 


Publishers 


TORONTO 


CANADA 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


in 


ARE  SURE  IE  YOU  USE 

o  jdif>  /v?  f 


HOW  MANY, MANY  TIMES  YOU  NEED  SOMETHING 
OF  THIS  KIND,  TO  KILL  LICE  ON  A  COLT  OR  CALF, 
TO  TREAT  A  CASE  OF  MANGE  OR  RINGWORM, TO 
WASH  OUT  A  CUT  OR  A  SCRATCH,  TO  ^DISINFECT 
A  WOUND  OR  A  RUNNING  SORE  OR  GALL* 

HOW  OFTEN  YOU  COULD  MAKE  GOOD  USE  OF 
RELIABLE  ANTISEPTIC  JF  YOU  ONLY  HAD  IT. 

KEEP  KRESO  DIPN?I  ON  HAND/ 

YOU  WILL  FIND  IT  THE  BEST  KIND  OF 
'INSURANCE  AGAINST  LOSS  FROM  PARASITES  AND  DISEASE. 

it7s  a  real  necessity  on  every  farmJ 

THERE  IS  ALWAYS  GOOD  MONEY  IN  HEALTHY,  THRIFTY,  WELL  KEPT 
>  STOCK.  LOUSY,  MANGY,  DIRTV,  NEGLECTED  ANIMALS 
/ARE  A  LOSING  GAME  ANYTIME  AND  ANYWHERE  . 

USE  A  GOOD  DIP  AND  YOU  WILL  HAVE  NO  TROUBLE. 

BE  SURE  YOU  HAVE  THE  RIGHT  KIND 
NO  QUESTION  ABOUT  IT  IF  YOU  USE  KRESO  DIP  NO.Ii 

FOR  SAL'  B  *u  DRUGGISTS 

Manufactured  by  Parlte, Davis  &  Co., Watkerville,  Ont. 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  O.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


Class  26 


Before  the  close  of  the  term  be 
photographed  at  the  Kennedy  Studio. 
We  will  submit  proofs  and  file  your 
negatives  until  it  is  convenient  for 
you  to  order  photographs. 


PHONE  498 

FOB  AN  APPOINTMENT. 

R.  M.  KENNEDY 

PORTRAIT  PHOTOGRAPHER 


Chilean  Nitrate  of  Soda 

Tbe  Fertilizer  that  furnishes  Nitrogen 

In  the  Immediately  Available  Nitrate  Form 

“WAITED  THIRTY  YEARS  FOR 
TREES  TO  BEAR— NITRATE 
GAVE  RESULTS” 

is  the  title  of  a  new  publication  con¬ 
taining  press  reports  on  the  merits  of 
Nitrate  of  Soda.  Among  other  publi¬ 
cations,  which  may  be  obtained  free, 
on  request,  are: 

The  Chilean  Nitrate  Industry 
Chilean  Nitrate  of  Soda — Some  Re¬ 
sults  from  its  Use 
Fertilizers  in  the  Orchards 
Nitrate  Note  Book — A  Handy  Refer¬ 
ence  Book 

Nitrate  of  Soda  for  the  Home  Garden 
List  of  Dealers  in  Chilean  Nitrate  of 

Soda 

Chilean  Nitrate  Committee 

(Dominion  Delegate:  B.  Leslie  Emslie 
Member  of  the  C.S.T.A.) 
Reford  Building,  Toronto. 


IV 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


The  McCormick-Deering  Prim¬ 
rose  Ball-Bearing  Cream  Sepa¬ 
rator  is  the  biggest  “new  s”  in  the 
separator  field  today.  Throughout 
the  Dominion,  McCormick-Deer¬ 
ing  Primrose  has  attracted  the 
public  eye  and  caused  thousands 
of  farmers  to  buy  purely  by  reason  of  its  successful 
design.  “Nothing  succeeds  like  success”  is  demon¬ 
strated  daily  in  Primrose  deliveries.  All  eyes  are 
truly  on  Primrose — and  the  man  who  owns  a  Prim¬ 
rose  knows  why. 

For  the  benefit  of  your  dairy  profits  make  it  a  point 
to  know  the  McCormick-Deering  Primrose — -now  is 
a  good  time — and  take  advantage  of  the  superior  con¬ 
struction  it  offers.  Your  local  McCormick-Deering 
agent  will  show  you  the  machine  and  demonstrate 
to  your  complete  satisfaction. 

International  Harvester  Company 

HAMILTON  OF  CANADA,  Ltd.  CANADA 

Western  Branches:  Brandon,  Winnipeg,  Man.,  Calgary,  Edmonton,  Lethbridge,  Alta., 
Estevan,  N.  Battleford,  Regina,  Saskatoon,  Yorkton,  Sask. 

Eastern  Branches:  Hamilton',  London,  Ottawa,  Ont.,  Montreal,  Quebec,  Que., 

St.  John,  N.  B. 

McCormick  *  Deering 

[Primrose] 

Ball-Bearing  Cream  Separators 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


v 


— -? 
i 

CONTENTS 

1 

i 

Vol.  XXXVIII.  Guelph,  February,  1925 

No.  6 

The  North  Land  is  Calling . 

. VI. 

J.  M.  Roxburgh,  ’26 

How  Should  Canada  Export  Her  Beef  Cattle 

. 233 

Dr.  J.  H.  Grisdale 

Fat  Hogs  Hurt  Bacon  Export  Trade . 

. 237 

Department  of  Agriculture ,  Ottawa 

Trends  of  Improvements  in  Agriculture  in 

New 

Brunswick  . 

. 238 

Hon.  Lewis  Smith 

Young  Blood  Tells . 

. 240 

J.  M.  Roxburgh ,  ’26 

Ten  Days  in  the  Norwegian  Fiords . 

. 243 

J.  M.  S.  Lang ,  ’26 

Making  an  Insect  Collection . 

. 247 

G.  S.  Walley ,  ’26 

Depth  Charges  . 

. . . .250 

V.  T.  Elton,  ’26 

News  and  Views . 

. 254 

Editorial  . 

. 264 

College  Life  . 

. 267 

Athletics  . 

. 271 

Macdonald  . 

. 274 

Alumni  . 

. 284 

Locals  . 

. VII. 

The  0.  A.  C.  Review  is  published  by  the 

students  of 

the  Ontario  Agricultural  College  Students’ 
Association,  every  month  in  the  year. 

Publishing 

Annual  subscription  price  in  Canada,  $1.00;  outside 

1.50;  single  copies  15c.  Advertising  rates  on 

application. 

- 

i  - - - , 

t 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Calling 


With  their  vastness  unsurveyed, 

And  its  hidden  lakes  and  rivers, 

Where  redmen  meet  and  trade. 

To  be  up  there  in  the  north  land, 

Where  the  nights  are  crisp  and  clear; 

With  the  hunting  cry  of  the  wolf  pack, 

Ringing  plainly  in  your  ear. 

And  the  lonely  hoot  of  the  great  horned  owl, 

On  the  limb  of  a  sentinel  pine, 

Which  has  stood  for  years  the  crudest  of  tests, 
The  tests  of  the  northern  wind. 

To  be  up  there  in  that  land  of  snow, 

Where  silence  reigns  supreme; 

And  to  cover  once  more  those  trails  of  old, 

With  Louis’  Malamute  team. 

To  hear  again  that  familiar  sound, 

The  creak  of  the  loaded  sled; 

As  you  mush  along  o’er  the  barren  land, 

That  land  of  living  dread. 

And  the  crunch,  crunch,  crunch  of  the  snowshoes, 
In  the  sparkling  air; 

As  you  hit  the  trail,  the  unknown  trail, 

Without  a  wordly  care. 

Something  seems  to  grip  you, 

And  hold  you  hard  and  fast; 

’Tis  the  spirit  of  the  north  land,s 
With  its  greatness  unsurpassed. 

And  so  it  always  shall  be, 

Until  the  day  you  die; 

For  the  north  land  now  is  calling, 

And  I’ll  have  to  say  good-bye. 

Good-bye  to  your  towns  and  cities, 

With  their  night  lights  all  aglare; 

And  hike  once  more  to  the  great  unknown, 

For  I’ll  find  my  solace  there. 


The  North  Land  Now  is 

By  J.  M.  Roxburgh,  ’26. 

The  north  land  now  is  calling, 
Calling  unto  me; 

As  I  sit  by  the  fire-side  dreaming, 
Of  where  I  want  to  be. 

Up  there  among  its  virgin  woods, 


j 


THE  O.  A.C.  REVIEW 

“THE  PROFESSION  WHICH  I  HAVE  EMBRACED  REQUIRES  A  KNOWLEDGE  OF  EVERYTHING” 
VOL.  XXXVIII.  GUELPH,  ONT  ,  FEBRUARY,  1926  6 


How  Should  Canada  Export  Her 

Beef  Cattle? 

By  Dr.  J.  H.  Grisdale,  Deputy  Minister  of  Agriculture. 


BY  AN  ACT  passed  by  the  Imper¬ 
ial  Parliament  in  1922  Canada 
was  permitted  to  ship  to  Great 
Britain  store  cattle  for  feeding  pur¬ 
poses,  providing  they  were  steers  or 
speyed  heifers,  this  privilege  to  come 
into  effect  April  1st,  1923.  In  the 
nine  months  ending  December  31st, 
1923,  we  exported  57,000  cattle.  In 
the  twelve  months  ending  December 
31st,  1924,  we  sent  in  this  way  about 
80,000  cattle,  and  the  probabilities 
are  that  by  the  end  of  December, 
1925,  about  110,000  cattle  will  have 
been  exported  to  Great  Britain. 

During  the  past  year  the  Imperial 
Economic  Committee  on  Marketing 
and  Preparing  for  Market  of  Food¬ 
stuffs  Produced  in  the  overseas  parts 
of  the  Empire,  in  their  second  Re¬ 
port  on  Meat — Section  57,  Page  32 — 
in  part  say: 

“We  feel,  . ,  that,  apart  from  the 

restrictions  imposed  to  prevent  the  intro- 
troduction  of  disease,  it  is  undesirable  from 
the  point  of  view  of  the  interests  of  the 
United  Kingdom  consumer  and  of  the  pro¬ 
ducer  in  the  overseas  parts  of  the  Empire, 
to  place  restrictions  on  the  entrance  of  store 
cattle  and  we  further  feel  that  it  is  es¬ 
pecially  undesirable  to  differentiate  in  re¬ 
strictive  legislation  'between  one  Dominion 
and  another  as  at  present.  We  therefore 
recommend  that  the  existing  legislation  in 
reference  to  the  importation  of  live  cattle 
into  the  United  Kingdom  be  reconsidered.” 

This  Clause  in  the  Report,  as  is 
now  well  known,  did  not  meet  with 
the  approval  of  the  Imperial  Gov¬ 
ernment,  and  when  the  summary  of 


the  Report  came  out  in  August  last 
there  was  added  a  rider  to  the  ef¬ 
fect  that  it  was  not  the  intention  of 
the  Imperial  Government  to  act  upon 
the  recommendations  contained  in 
this  Section.  However,  it  is  quite 
evident  from  the  fact  that  this  re¬ 
commendation  was  incorporated  in 
the  above  mentioned  Report  that 
this  Committee  selected  from  all 
over  the  Empire,  and  including  four 
representatives  from  Great  Britain 
itself  as  well  as  two  from  Ireland, 
were  unanimously  of  the  opinion 
that  this  privilege  of  exporting  store 
cattle  should  be  continued,  and,  if 
possible,  be  permitted  to  be  carried 
on  under  modified  restrictions.  This 
was,  as  must  be  admitted,  a  decided 
boost  for  the  Canadian  cattle  trade 
with  Great  Britain. 

In  spite  of  this  ever  and  fairly 
rapidly  increasing  overseas  stocker 
trade,  however  the  question  as  to 
just  what  had  better  be  done  by  Can¬ 
ada  to  build  up  her  beef  industry, 
that  is,  should  live  cattle,  stoekers 
or  stores,  as  well  as  fats,  be  sent 
overseas,  or  should  an  effort  be  made 
to  build  up  a  chilled  beef  trade  with 
Great  Britain— is  continually  com¬ 
ing  up,  and  possibly  a  brief  review 
of  the  situation  at  this  time  would 
be  useful  to  Canadian  farmers  in¬ 
terested  in  this  industry.  ; 

Those  who  favour  a  policy  of  ship- 


234 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


ping  dressed  beef  rather  than  live 
cattle  argue  that  to  reduce  transpor¬ 
tation  costs  and  to  develop  Canadian 
industry,  the  former  is  a  much  more 
economic  method  of  forwarding  our 
product  than  the  latter.  Further,  it 
is  claimed  that  prior  to  the  removal 
of  the  embargo  we  did  not  have  the 
right  quality  of  cattle  in  sufficient 
numbers  to  carry  on  a  dressed  meat 
trade,  but  that  winter  feeding  and 
grain  feeding  have  been  stimulated 
to  such  an  extent  that  a  dressed  meat 
trade  might  now  be  undertaken  with 
fair  prospects  of  success. 

It  is  claimed  also  that  a  dressed 
meat  business  established  with  Brit¬ 
ain  would  take  care  of  an  unlimited 
number  of  Canadian  cattle.  At  the 
same  time  the  enterprise  need  not 
interfere  with  the  shipment  of  live 
cattle,  since  these  two  businesses 
could  run  concurrently  and  the  most 
profitable  method  would  endure. 

That  there  is  a  good  deal  to  be 
said  along  these  lines  must  be  ad¬ 
mitted,  yet  all  the  facts  pertaining 
to  the  situation  must  be  considered 
in  attempting  to  arrive  at  a  policy 
for  Canada  as  a  whole. 

Previous  to  the  removal  of  the  em¬ 
bargo  on  Canadian  cattle  in  1922  the 
beef  industry  in  Canada  was  strug¬ 
gling  along  under  great  difficulties. 
With  this  new  outlet  for  live  cattle, 
however,  the  industry  has  sinc< 
shown  signs  of  gradual  development 
and  expansion  and  this  in  spite  of 
the  fact  that  conditions  both  as  re¬ 
gards  restrictions  in  England  and 
also  as  regards  the  cost  of  transpor¬ 
tation  have  not  been  altogether  fav¬ 
ourable.  However,  judging  by  pro¬ 
gress  already  made,  we  should  be 
a.ble  to  look  forward  hopefully  to  a 
solution  of  the  beef  production  prob¬ 
lem,  but  this  solution  will  only  come 


providing  such  a  policy  is  followed 
as  will  encourage  the  cattle  breeding 
industry. 

In  attempting  to  reach  a  conclus¬ 
ion  as  to  a  policy  for  Canadian  in¬ 
dustry,  one  must  face  the  fact  that 
the  British  importer  and  the  British 
consumer  make  a  great  differentia¬ 
tion  between  home  killed  and  im¬ 
ported  beef,  and  the  margin  which 
exists  between  the  one  and  the  other 
is  the  definite  expression  of  the  taste, 
habit  and  policy  of  the  British  con¬ 
sumer  and  the  British  trade.  This 
same  margin  which  the  Britisher  is 
willing  to  pay  for  home  killed  beef 
enables  Canada  to  sell  her  cattle  on 
a  very  attractive  market,  which, 
other  than  to  Ireland,  is  practically 
available  to  no  other  country  in  the 
world.  The  protection  thus  afforded 
to  this  country  has  enabled  us  to 
build  up  a  trade  which  has  proven 
profitable  alike  to  the  Canadian 
rancher,  Canadian  feeder,  British 
grazier  and  the  British  trade.  Upon 
this  basis  we  have  reorganized  our 
beef  cattle  industry  and  this  accounts 
for  the  increased  supply  of  high- 
class  cattle  which  is  now  coming  to 
market. 

Of  course,  chilled  beef  can  be  ship¬ 
ped  from  Canada  to  Great  Britain, 
but  the  question  of  price  to  the  far¬ 
mer  is  the  factor  which  must  deter¬ 
mine  whether  this  method  of  export¬ 
ing  our  beef  cattle  is  as  profitable 
as  our  present  system.  Given  no 
outlet  for  live  cattle  the  Canadian 
packer  could  undoubtedly  purchase 
Canadian  cattle  at  a  price  which 
would  permit  him  to  export  chilled 
beef.  Under  such  conditions,  how¬ 
ever,  beef  raising  would  very  prob¬ 
ably  shortly  become  so  unprofitable 
that  cattle  would  not  be  produced. 
Fortunately  under  the  present  system 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


235 


the  Canadian  producer  and  feeder 
enjoys  the  advantage  of  having  an 
alternative  outlet  for  his  live  cattle 
as  against  having  to  depend  entirely 
upon  sale  to  the  packing  trade.  A 
competitive  market  is  sound  econom¬ 
ics,  and  it  is  worth  while  observing 
that  it  has  been  very  largely  the 
store  cattle  outlet  that  has  develop¬ 
ed  the  available  supply  of  good  cattle 
on  our  markets.  Hence,  the  ques¬ 
tion  is,  could  this  very  desirable  com¬ 
petition  be  continued  and  a  chilled 
beef  trade  be  built  up  at  the  same 
time? 

When  one  notes  the  differentials 
in  price  for  various  classes  of  beef 
as  they  exist,  in  Great  Britain  it  is 
just  a  bit  difficult  to  see  how  Canada 
could  hope,  with  the  relatively  small 
volume  which  she  would  probably 
have  available  for  export  for  some 
time  to  come,  to  influence  the  de¬ 
mand  in  such  a  wav  as  to  reduce  this 
differential  to  4d  to  5d  per  lb.  which 
commonly  exists  as  between  import¬ 
ed  and  home  killed  supplies.  That 
we  could  not  compete  on  an  even 
price  basis  with  the  Argentine  beef 
is  admitted  even  by  those  who  are 
strongest  in  their  support  of  a  dress¬ 
ed  beef  policy.  At  the  same  time,  so 
far  as  available  information  shows, 
the  best  of  bargaining  with  the  Eng¬ 
lish  trade  has  not  been  rewarded  up 
to  date  by  more  than  about  a  penny 
per  pound  differential  in  favour  of 
Canadian  chilled  beef  over  the  Arg¬ 
entine  article.  This  difference  seems 
scarcely  sufficient  to  justify  a  change 
of  policy  on  Canada’s  part,  particul¬ 
arly  when  Canadian  cattle  when  fed 
and  killed  in  England  bring  the 
same  price  as  the  home  produced 
article,  or  bring  nearly  as  much  when 
killed  at  port  of  landing. 

In  addition  to  this,  the  value  of 


hide  and  offals  is  greater  in  Great 
Britain  than  in  Canada,  roughly 
speaking  to  the  extent  of  $10  per 
steer.  The  Canadian  packer  of  course 
can  use  these  hides  and  offals,  and 
this  utilization  in  Canada  would  help 
business,  but  to  permit  of  this  the 
cattle  must  be  bought  at  a  price 
which  will  also  allow  the  packer  to 
handle  same  at  a  profit.  Under  pres¬ 
ent  conditions,  however,  the  Canad¬ 
ian  farmer,  by  marketing  his  stock 
on  the  hoof  in  Great  Britain,  securs 
the  advantage  of  a  higher  price  for 
these  products. 

Another  phase  of  this  situation 
which  should  be  considered  in  con¬ 
nection  with  the  shipping  of  chilled 
beef  is  the  demand  for  a  uniform 
well-finished  article.  The  stock  ship¬ 
ped  from  Canada,  some  of  them  as 
“fats”  for  immediate  slaughter  and 
some  of  which  we  consider  fairly 
well-finished,  are  not  considered  so 
by  the  British  trade,  and  to  put  on 
that  last  hundred  pounds  or  so  of 
finish  which  is  needed  in  England  to 
put  the  product  into  the  highest 
class  can  scarcely  be  done  in  this 
country  at  the  prices  returned  to  the 
farmer  for  his  cattle.  If  the  Canad¬ 
ian  farmer  received  a  price  for  his 
steers  which  was  the  equivalent  of 
say  twenty  cents  a  pound  wholesale 
on  the  carcass  weight,  he  could  un¬ 
doubtedly  do  this  as  the  British  far¬ 
mer  does,  but  this  is  not  usually  the 
case,  and  the  expense  of  high  finish 
can  scarcely  be  justified  on  the  basis 
of  existing  values. 

It  is  recognized  that  Canada  can¬ 
not  compete  with  the  product  from 
Argentine  on  a  price  basis,  yet  it 
must  be  remembered  that  this  im¬ 
ported  product  is  really  one  of  high 
class,  great  volume  and  wonderful 
uniformity  in  conformation,  weight 


236 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


and  finish.  If  Canada  were  by  any 
chance  able  to  narrow  the  price  dif¬ 
ferential  between  home  killed  and 
imported  beef,  the  Argentine  could 
quite  probably  make  use  of  this  to 
just  as  good  advantage  as  we  could 
in  Canada,  and,  having  a  much  lar¬ 
ger  more  uniform  supply,  would 
quite  possibly  benefit  therefrom  to 
an  even  greater  extent  than  Canada 
could  ever  hope  to  do. 

Lack  of  volume  and  regularity  in 
supply  in  competing  on  the  British 
market  is  a  decided  drawback.  This 
is  w'ell  demonstrated  in  our  attempt 
to  compete  successfully  with  the 
Danes  in  the  matter  of  bacon.  In 
beef  our  situation  would  be  material¬ 
ly  worse  in  that  our  volume  would 
be  very  much  less,  supply  would  be 
more  irregular  and  the  quality  would 
vary  greatly. 

The  present  system  seems  to  in¬ 
sure  the  greatest  profit  at  present, 


and  at  the  same  time  seems  to  af¬ 
ford  a  stimulus  toward  the  expan¬ 
sion  and  development  of  the  beef 
cattle  industry.  The  improvement  in 
Canadian  beef  cattle  which  has  taken 
place  since  the  removal  of  the  em¬ 
bargo  will,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  con¬ 
tinue,  and  the  supply  increase.  Such 
progress  would  provide  two  absolute 
essentials  for  developing  a  trade  in 
dressed  beef  when  the  time  does 
come  for  the  making  of  a  decided 
effort  in  that  direction.  Our  export¬ 
able  surplus  is  however  still  com¬ 
paratively  small  and  it  would  appear 
as  though  any  special  effort  to  build 
up  a  dressed  beef  as  well  as  live 
cattle  trade  just  at  present  might 
possibly  weaken  our  position  in  mak¬ 
ing  a  bid  for  the  live  cattle  trade 
of  Great  Britain.  At  the  present 
time  we  seem  to  need  all  our  forces 
to  fill  the  one  gap. 


- „  V'' - 


The  Students’  Horticultural  Exhibit  at  the  College  Royal. _ Winner  of 

First  Prize. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


237 


Fat  Hogs  Hurt  Bacon  Export  Trade 

Department  of  Agriculture,  Ottawa. 


CANADA  has  made  during  the 
past  year  remarkable  progress 
in  her  bacon  exports.  The 
year  1924  was  a  record  year  in  the 
history  of  Canada’s  'swine  industry. 
However,  the  year  immediately  past 
has  established  an  even  higher  re¬ 
cord  in  the  matter  of  exports  to  Eng¬ 
land. 

During  the  paist  few  weeks  w(e 
have  been  fortunate  in  having  fair 
quantities  of  bacon  on  the  Southern 
markets  of  Great  Britain.  Owing  to 
the  shortage  in  Danish  supplies  due 
to  the  ravages  of  Foot  and  Mouth 
Disease,  we  have  been  able  to  secure 
a  market  for  our  product  in  Danish 
strongholds  in  the  trade. 

Unfortunately  we  stand  to  lose 
some  of  this  ground  which  has  been 
gained  during  the  past  year,  unless 
there  is  an  immediate  reduction  in 
the  number  of  over-finished,  fat 
hogs,  which  are  being  marketed  at 
the  various  stock  yards  and  pack¬ 
ing  centres  in  Canada. 

The  comparatively  high  prices 
prevailing  for  (live  hogs  and  the 
plentiful  supply  of  feed  available 
this  year  is  responsible  for  the  tend¬ 
ency  on  the  part  of  producers  to 
carry  their  hogs  to  heavier  weights 
and  a  higher  degree  of  finish.  The 
result  of  this  tendency  is  increased 
quantities  of  prime  bacon  cannot  be 
sold  in  the  south  of  England,  but 
must  go  into  competition  with  the 
American  product  in  the  markets  of 
the  north. 

The  immediate  effect  of  this  con¬ 
dition  is  that  we  shall  be  forced  to 
sell  this  fat  product  at  sacrifice 
prices,  and  at  the  same  time,  the  re¬ 


duction  in  quantity  of  leanest  and 
loan  bacon  will  mean  the  loss  of 
markets  which  have  been  gained 
from  the  Dane. 

The  exact  opposite  of  this  was  true 
a  year  ago  when  with  high-priced 
feed  and  low-priced  hogs  farmers 
marketed  too  many  hogs  in  unfinish¬ 
ed  condition  with  the  result  that  the 
market  was  over  supplied  with  a  pro¬ 
duct  which  was  altogether  too  thin. 
This  condition  was  worse  than  the 
present  one,  as  the  loss  on  the  ex¬ 
tremely  thin  product  is  even  great¬ 
er. 

This  profitable  trade  in  Great  Brit¬ 
ain  year  in,  year  out,  is  for  leanest 
and  lean  bacon.  If  we  are  to  con¬ 
tinue  to  develop  a  greater  share  in 
this  trade,  we  must  guard  against 
the  practice  of  under-finishing  and 
over-finishing  from  one  year  to  an¬ 
other. 

The  extra  money  obtained  due  to 
over-finishing  and  increased  weight 
is  of  minor  importance  as  compared 
with  the  effect  which  this  product 
has  in  lowering  the  average  price 
for  the  total  export  surplus. 

A  representative  of  a  big  packing 
house  with  whom  this  matter  was 
discussed  today  said.  “The  fact  is 
that  the  fatter  “Wiltshire”  sides  are 
being  heavily  discounted  on  the 
British  market,  the  discount  running 
up  to  20  shillings  per  cwt.  Packers 
cannot  maintain  the  quality  of  their 
product  if  farmers  continue  to  supply 
fat  hogs  in  the  endeavour  to  make 
up  in  pounds  of  pork  regardless  of 
quality,  for  the  mistake  they  made 
in  reducing  the  number  of  their  hogs. 
If  this  is  continued  it  can  only  be 


238 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


expected  that  hogs,  whether  of  bacon 
breeding  or  otherwise,  will  be  heav¬ 
ily  discounted  if  they  are  too  fat. 

“If  the  market  is  to  be  maintained 
in  Britain  for  our  hog  products  far¬ 


mers  must  co-operate  by  giving  the 
packers  hogs  of  a  uniform  quality 
and  desirable  finish.  It  cannot  be 
done  by  supplying  thin  hogs  one  year 
and  fat  hogs  the  next.” 


Trends  of  Improvements  in  Agriculture 

in  New  Brunswick 

By  Hon.  Lewis  Smith,  Minister  of  Agriculture  for  New  Brunswick. 


THOUGH  the  New  Brunswick  far¬ 
mer  has  not  shared  to  the  same 
degree  the  prosperity  that 
came  to  his  Western  province  broth¬ 
ers  this  season,  yet  he  has  good 
reasons  to  think  that,  if  he  has  not 
quite  gotten  out  into  the  clearing, 
there  is  at  least  “light  ahead”  as 
compared  with  the  maze  of  worries 
of  the  past  four  years. 

Already  has  it  been  made  appar¬ 
ent  that  his  financial  position  is  more 
sound.  He  has  paid  off  long-stand¬ 
ing  fertilizer  bills,  discharged  mort¬ 
gages  and  bills  of  sale,  and  has  be¬ 
gun  credit  balances  at  the  banks. 
His  family  is  enjoying  a  season  dur¬ 
ing  which  “hard  times”  has  turned 
its  back.  Optimism  prevails  that 
the  future  will  be  brighter. 

The  agricultural  industry  as  a 
whole  is  in  a  more  prosperous  con¬ 
dition  than  it  was  a  year  ago  as  is 
indicated  by  the  comparative  values 
of  the  total  agricultural  production 
for  the  two  years.  For  the  past  year 
the  estimate  is  $40,000,000,  and  for 
1924,  $27,532,000. 

It  may  boldly  be  stated  of  the  agri¬ 
culture  of  this  Province  that  it  is 
mixed  farming.  Likewise  that  there 


are  farming  problems.  Prominent 
among  these  are  three:  The  live 

stock,  the  soil  and  the  standardizing 
of  produce. 

To  enter  upon  a  lengthy  discus¬ 
sion  of  what  is  lacking  under  each 
of  these  heads  and  to  state  all  the 
various  ways  that  improvements 
have  been  made  is  not  my  purpose, 
but  rather,  as  responsible  Minister 
of  a  Department,  the  purpose  of 
which  is  to  aid  this  industry,  to 
state  briefly  what  is  being  done  as 
remedial  measures  through  the  De¬ 
partment  over  which  I  have  the  hon¬ 
or  to  preside. 

Work  of  an  improving  character 
has  been  sedulously  promoted  on  no 
inconsiderable  scale.  The  aphorisms 
— “The  sire  is  'half  the  herd,”  “Lim¬ 
ing  corrects  soil  acidity,”  “Keep  the 
culls  at  home,”  indicate  the  methods 
of  approach  by  which  our  farm  prob¬ 
lems  are  being  grappled  with.  An 
improvement  in  the  herds  and  flocks 
has  been  effected  by  a  system  of 
cash  bonusing  upon  a  sliding  scale, 
apportioned  so  that  sires  of  superior 
merit  receive  the  larger  amounts,  on 
the  purchasing  of  pure  bred  sires — 
bulls  and  rams. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


239 


The  fact  that  the  average  pig  is 
of  a  higher  standard  today  in  this 
province  than  it  was  some  years  back 
is  due  largely  to  the  improvement 
work  done  through  the  swine  clubs 
organized  among  the  farm  boys  and 
girls  and  the  importation,  aided  by 
the  Department,  of  high-class  boars 
for  reputable  breeders  of  hogs. 

The  improvement  of  poultry  was 
undertaken,  first,  in  1918,  and  suc¬ 
ceeding  years,  by  the  (introducing 
from  high-producing  strains  of  day- 
old  chicks,  and  pure-bred  hatching 
eggs  in  large  numbers.  Latterly, 
since  the  laying  average  of  flocks 
has  increased,  continuous  improve¬ 
ment  will  be  effected  by  a  distribu¬ 
tion  of  pure  bred  utility  type  cock¬ 
erels  of  heavy  laying  parentage. 

The  upkeep  of  soil  fertility — a 
running  account  with  his  farm  that 
the  farmer  who  must  provide  for 
the  taking  off  of  future  crops  must 
watch  with  care,  has  been  simplified 
by  the  development  by  the  Govern¬ 
ment,  of  the  richest  mineral  resour¬ 
ces  to  agriculture  in  the  Province, 
the  extensive  limestone  deposit  in 
Saint  John  County.  Pulverized  lime¬ 
stone  is  available  to  every  farmer, 
delivered  at  any  railway  station  in 


carlots  at  the  very  nominal  cost  of 
$4  per  ton. 

Many  hundreds  of  acres  which 
were  the  despair  of  the  owners  have 
been  made  productive  by  the  appli¬ 
cation  of  from  two  to  three  tons  of 
pulverized  limestone  to  the  acre.  The 
practice  of  liming  is  increasing  rap¬ 
idly,  and,  because  soil  acidity  is  so 
commonly  the  primary  cause  of  the 
failure  to  grow  of  clover  seedings, 
the  quality  of  the  grain,  hay  and 
pasturage  crops  is  being  improved 
in  a  wholesale  way.  The  output  of 
the  Government  owned  lime-grind¬ 
ing  plant  at  Brookville,  N.  B.,  since 
its  establishment  in  1920  is  as  fol¬ 
lows: 

1920,  589  tons,  operated  only  two 
months;  1921,  6275  tons;  1922, 

57101/2  tons;  1923,  3195  tons;  1924, 
4330  tons;  1925,  869914  tons;  total, 
28798%  tons. 

The  standardizing  to  market 
grades  of  such  farm  products  as 
cheese,  butter,  wool,  apples,  and  the 
assistance  rendered  to  farmers  in  co¬ 
operative  selling  of  these  and  other 
products  as  lambs,  swine,  poultry, 
honey,  eggs,  seed  grain  and  potatoes, 
have  paved  the  way  for  future  higher 
prices  on  exported  products. 


“Better  to  hunt  in  fields  for  health  unbought, 
Than  fee  the  doctor  for  a  nauseous  draught; 
The  wise  for  cure  on  exercise  depend, 

God  never  made  his  work  for  man  to  mend.” 


— Dry  den. 


240 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Young  Blood  Tells 


By  J.  M.  Roxburgh,  ’26. 


Before  he  could  arise,  the  young  hull  was  upon  him  with  his  forefeet,  breaking 

in  his  ribs  with  lightning  like  strokes. 


IT  was  an  evening  in  late  October. 
A  slight  breeze  ruffled  the  waters 
of  Lake  Kapakog,  making  the 
lily  pods  flop  about  like  live  crea¬ 
tures  upon  its  surface.  But  with  the 
setting  of  the  sun  the  breeze  died 
down,  leaving  the  lake  like  a  large 
mirror  in  its  smoothness. 

Suddenly  the  sound  of  crackling 
and  breaking  of  twigs  coufd  be  heard 
as  if  made  by  some  fairly  large  anim¬ 
al  making  its  way  through  the  bush 
toward  the  water’s  edge.  Then  all 
at  once  there  burst  into  view  a  young 
cow  moose.  For  a  moment  she  stood 
like  a  statue,  with  head  thrown 
back,  listening.  Then  assuming  that 
all  was  well  she  walked  down  to  the 
water’s  edge  and  drank  her  till. 


Having  finished,  she  raised  her 
head  and  sent  forth  her  call  for  a 
mate.  With  head  poised  she  waited 
for  a  moment  or  two;  then  receiving 
no  reply  she  called  again.  Hardly 
had  the  sounds  made  by  the  echo 
died  away,  when  a  bellow  answered 
her  from  across  the  lake.  Again  she 
called,  again  she  was  answered,  and 
as  she  finished  calling  the  third  time, 
two  bellows  answered  her,  the 
sounds  almost  blending  together. 
The  new-comer,  for  such  was  the 
cause  of  the  other  answering  call, 
seemed  slightly  closer. 

With  the  dying  away  of  the  sounds 
made  by  the  answering  calls,  the 
crackling  twigs  and  undergrowth 
could  be  heard  on  either  side  of  the 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


241 


lake,  and  as  the  sounds  drew  closer 
the  peculiar  noise  made  by  brush 
striking  against  horns  could  be  dis¬ 
tinguished  above  the  rest  of  the 
clatter.  Then,  when  it  seemed  as 
if  the  makers  of  this  racket  were 
about  to  break  into  view,  the  noise 
on  both  sides  ceased  almost  simul- 
taneouslv. 

c/ 

The  young  cow,  which  during  this 
time  had  been  listening  to  the  ap¬ 
proaching  sound  and  calling  every 
now  and  then,  now  uttered  a  low 
call.  It  was  at  once  answered  by 
two  snorts,  but  nothing  came.  Again 
she  called,  again  she  was  answered; 
and  almost  at  the  same  instant  two 
large  bull  moose  stepped  out  into  full 
view. 

One  was  an  enormous  old  bull  with 
a  large  spread  of  antlers,  and  many 
scars  of  former  battles  upon  his  body 
The  other  was  a  young  animal,  just 
as  well  built  as  the  older  one,  but 
slightly  smaller  in  size  and  with  a 
smaller  set  of  antlers. 

For  a  moment  the  monarchs  of 
the  forest  eyed  one  another.  The 
old  bull  was  the  first  one  to  over¬ 
come  its  surprise  at  finding  an  an¬ 
tagonist  so  close  at  hand.  Uttering 
a  bellow  of  rage  he  advanced  to¬ 
wards  the  younger  bull,  tearing  up 
the  ground  with  his  forefeet  as  he 
approached.  For  a  moment  the 
younger  bull  stood  still,  then  with 
an  answering  bellow  he  stepped  for¬ 
ward  to  meet  his  older  rival  in  a 
clash  for  a  mate.  Almost  at  the 
same  instant,  without  a  sign  of 
warning,  the  older  animal  charged. 
The  impact  made  by  the  two  huge 
bodies  coming  together  was  terrific, 
even  the  earth  around  the  spot  seem¬ 
ing  to  tremble.  The  weight  of  the 
older  bull  knocked  the  younger 
animal  back  upon  his  haunches,  but 


before  the  older  one  could  follow  up 
his  advantage,  the  other  was  upon 
his  feet.  Again  and  yet  again  they 
met,  the  bellows  and  sounds  made  by 
the  clashing  horns,  as  the  two  large 
bodies  came  together,  carrying  no 
little  distance  on  the  calm  evening 
air. 

Rabbits  crouched  with  terror  in 
their  burrows.  The  nearby  birds 
ceased  their  evening  chatter.  Even 
a  huge  timber  wolf,  that  was  com¬ 
ing  in  that  direction,  stopped  to  list¬ 
en,  then  turned  in  his  tracks  and 
slouched  off  in  the  opposite  direc¬ 
tion. 

The  weight  and  experience  of  the 
older  bull  was  beginning  to  tell  on 
the  younger  one.  Time  and  again 
lie  was  knocked  down,  but  somehow 
he  always  managed  to  escape  the 
second  charge  of  the  old  bull. 

With  the  intentions  of  delaying 
the  fight  no  longer,  the  old  bull  gave 
all  he  had  in  his  next  charge.  The 
impact  carried  the  younger  animal 
off  his  feet,  and  it  would  no  doubt 
have  resulted  in  his  death,  had  not 
the  older  bull,  in  his  second  charge, 
chanced  to  slip  upon  a  wet  rock. 
The  younger  animal  received  only  a 
glancing  blow,  which  left  a  long  red 
gash  upon  his  side,  but  as  he  arose, 
the  old  bull  charged  again.  In  place 
of  meeting  the  charge,  however,  the 
younger  animal  stepped  aside,  and 
before  the  other  could  check  himself, 
turned  and  charged  with  full  force 
at  the  older  bull’s  unprotected  side. 
Taken  by  surprise  and  caught  off  his 
balance  the  older  animal  was 
knocked  down  and  before  he  could 
arise  the  other  was  upon  him  with 
his  forefeet,  breaking  in  his  ribs 
with  lightning-like  strokes,  the 
smashing  of  which  could  be  heard 
above  the  din  of  the  fight,  while  his 


242 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


fast-ebbing  blood  dyed  the  surround¬ 
ing  shrubbery.  Then  just  when  vic¬ 
tory  for  the  young  bull  seemed  as¬ 
sured,  the  old  bull  summing  togeth¬ 
er  all  his  strength,  arose  from 
amongst  the  flying  hoofs.  Shaking 
the  blood  from  his  eyes,  with  a  toss 
of  his  massive  head,  and  uttering  a 
bellow,  he  charged.  The  younger 
animal  was  knocked  off  his  feet,  but 
through  'loss  of  blood,  the  old  bull 
had  become  so  weak  that  he  was  now 
unable  to  follow  up  this  advantage, 
given  to  him  in  the  dying  moments 
of  the  fight.  The  next  instant  he 
went  down  before  the  fierce  on¬ 
slaught  of  the  other,  there  to  remain, 
for  in  that  last  mighty  charge  he 
had  given  the  last  of  his  fast-ebbing 
strength. 

After  trampling  the  carcass  of  the 
old  bull  to  satisfy  his  lust  for  blood, 
the  young  conqueror  uttering  a  bel¬ 
low  of  victory,  joined  the  cow  which 


had  stood  by,  and  watched  with  mild 
curiosity  the  terrible  duel,  and  to¬ 
gether  they  disappeared  into  the 
shadows  of  the  coming  night. 

When  the  last  sound  made  by  the 
two  animals,  as  they  went  their  way, 
had  ceased,  the  rabbits  came  out  of 
their  burrows.  A  wood  thrush  call¬ 
ing  nearby,  and  the  plaintiff  piping 
of  the  plover  along  the  water’s  edge, 
were  the  only  sounds  which  broke 
upon  the  quietude  of  the  evening. 

The  following  fall  a  hunter  hap¬ 
pening  upon  the  now  bleaching 
bones  of  the  old  bull,  and  looking 
at  the  trampled  ground,  and  then  at 
the  bones,  nodded  his  head  as  one 
who  thoroughly  understood,  and  was 
in  sympathy  with  this  drama  of  the 
forest.  Then  after  a  moment’s  rest 
beside  the  remains  of  a  once  mon¬ 
arch  of  the  woodland,  he  again  went 
on  his  way,  and  was  soon  lost  to 
view  among  the  thick  undergrowth. 


LIBRARIES 

Let  us  pity  those  poor  rich  men  who  live  barrenly  in  great  bookless 
houses!  Let  us  congratulate  the  poor  that,  in  our  day,  books  are  so 
cheap  that  a  man  may  every  year  add  a  hundred  volumes  to  his  library 
for  the  price  of  what  his  tobacco  and  beer  would  cost  him.  Among 
the  earliest  ambitions  to  be  excited  in  clerks,  workmen,  journeymen, 
and,  indeed,  among  all  that  are  struggling  up  from  nothing  to  some¬ 
thing,  is  that  of  owning,  and  constantly  adding  to  a  library  of  good 
books.  A  little  library,  growing  larger  every  year,  is  an  honorable 
part  of  a  young  man’s  history.  It  is  a  man’s  duty  to  have  books.  A 
library  is  not  a  luxury,  but  one  of  necessities  of  life. — H.  W.  Beecher. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


243 


Ten  Days  in  the  Norwegian  Fiords 

J.  M.  S.  Lang,  26. 


The  Valley  Beyond  Merok 


T  O  most  of  us  the  word  Norway 
conjures  up  romantic  visions; 
visions  of  wild,  stern,  flaxen¬ 
haired  Vikings,  setting  forth  in  their 
tiny  boats  to  be  the  terror  and  the 
scourge  of  European  waters;  vis¬ 
ions  of  a  land  of  mountain  and  for¬ 
est  and  river;  of  a  land  where  in 
summer  the  sun  never  sets,  and 
which  in  winter  is  held  fast  in  the 
grip  of  snow  and  ice.  These  and 
other  pictures  rise  to  the  mind’s  eye, 
but  to  most  of  us  that  is  the  full  ex¬ 
tent  of  our  knowledge;  few  of  us 
have  actually  heard  or  read  anything 
about  Norway,  and  yet  she  is  one  of 
the  largest  countries  in  Europe,  and, 
from  the  point  of  view  of  the  visitor, 
quite  one  of  the  most  interesting. 
So  it  was  with  me,  until,  last  summer, 
my  visions  were  turned  into  actualit¬ 
ies,  and  memories  have  now  taken 
their  place — memories  of  a  very 
wonderful  ten  days  spent  among  the 
Fiords. 

Before  we  actually  set  sail,  how¬ 
ever,  let  us  first  see  what  kind  of  a 
country  this  is  which  we  are  going 


to  visit.  In  the  first  place,  it  may 
be  of  interest  to  note  that  although 
there  is  a  King  and  a  Queen  of  Nor¬ 
way,  they  are  only  figureheads,  and 
Norway  is  in  reality  one  of  the  most 
democratic  of  countries.  In  the  last 
decade  of  the  nineteenth  century,  the 
Norwegian  nobility  was  abolished, 
and  now  they  do  not  even  use  so 
much  as  the  word  Mister.  Every¬ 
one  is  known  simply  by  his  Christ¬ 
ian  name,  and  his  surname — as  Olav 
Andersen.  The  Norwegian  people  are 
courteous,  contented  and  healthy — 
especially  the  children.  It  has  never 
been  my  good  fortune  to  see  so  many 
beautiful  children,  and  all  of  them 
clean  and  happy,  and  abounding  in 
health  and  vigour.  The  people,  as 
a  rule,  are  extremely  well  educated. 
A  great  many  speak  at  least  a  little 
English,  and,  quite  often,  German  or 
French  as  well.  Their  own  lan¬ 
guage  is  not  unlike  German  or 
Dutch,  but  much  more  musical,  lack¬ 
ing  the  guttural  intonation. 

It  seemed  wonderful  to  me  how 
the  inhabitants  of  the  sea-coast  vil- 


244 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


lages  could  find  a  living.  Fishing, 
of  course,  is  their  chief  means  of 
livelihood,  and  a  little  farming  is 
practised,  though  the  mountainous 
nature  of  the  country  prohibits  agri¬ 
culture  on  a  large  scale.  Very  little 
stock  is  kept.  Occasionally  one  will 
come  across  quite  a  large  herd  of 
cows  pasturing  in  a  valley,  high  up 
in  the  mountains,  and  the  herdsmen 
living  in  wretched  looking  stone 
hovels,  miles  from  anywhere.  They 
must  haul  their  milk  sometimes  ten 
or  fifteen  miles  to  the  nearest  vil¬ 
lage.  Crops  are  very  scanty,  more 
especially  in  the  North.  An  acre, 
or  half  an  acre  of  oats  or  barley  scat¬ 
tered  here  and  there  along  the  roads, 
are  the  only  indications  of  harvest. 
Every  available  square  foot  of  mea¬ 
dow  grass  is  cut  for  hay  and  dried 
on  hurdles,  to  be  fed  to  the  ponies, 
of  which  there  are  a  great  many. 
In  the  South,  where  the  country  is 
more  open,  there  are  larger  fields  of 
hay,  and  quite  often  one  sees  a 
modern  mower,  but  in  the  North 
there  are  not  many  farm  imple¬ 
ments  of  any  kind.  It  would  be  im¬ 
possible  to  use  them. 

Having  obtained  some  insight  into 
the  character  of  the  people  and  coun¬ 
try  to  which  we  are  going,  let  us  go 
cn  board  the  14,000-ton  liner,  S.  S. 
Ormonde  on  a  certain  Saturday  af¬ 
ternoon  early  in  July.  We  sail  from 
Immingham,  near  Hull,  on  the  East 
Coast  of  England.  That  night  and 
the  next  day  and  night  are  spent  in 
crossing  the  North  Sea.  The  weather 
is  kind  to  us,  and  the  sea  is  dead 
calm,  so  that  we  have  ample  time 
to  take  stock  of  our  surroundings. 
We  find  that  the  ship  has  all  the 
comforts  and  conveniences  of  a  lux¬ 
urious  hotel.  There  is  splendid 
deck-space  for  walking  or  games, 


and  a  beautiful  ballroom,  and  a  good 
dance  orchestra,  which,  we  are  told, 
will  perform  every  evening.  On  the 
Monday  morning,  when  we  get  up, 
we  see  looming  through  a  slight 
mist,  which  the  sun  soon  disperses, 
a  rugged  and  mountainous  coast  line. 
Soon  after  breakfast  we  slow  up  out¬ 
side  a  little  town  called  Oalsund, 
where  we  take  on  board  the  pilot  and 
the  customs  officials,  who  stamp  our 
passports.  Meanwhile  we  proceed  on 
our  way,  threading  an  intricate 
course  through  a  maze  of  small  is¬ 
lands,  until  at  last  we  turn  in  at  the 
mouth  of  a  Fiord — a  narrow  inlet, 
running  sometimes  sixty  to  eighty 
miles  inland  with  high  snow-clad 
mountains  on  either  side.  At  about 
one  o’clock  we  drop  anchor  at  our 
first  stopping  place — Molde.  Soon  the 
ship’s  motor  launches  are  out,  tak¬ 
ing  passengers  ashore.  We  go  in 
one  of  them,  and  set  foot  for  the  first 
time  in  Norway.  We  find  ourselves 
in  what  is,  for  Norway,  quite  a  fair- 
sized  town,  of  probably  some  5,000 
or  6,000  population.  The  first  thing 
that  strikes  us  is  its  extraordinary 
resemblance  to  an  Ontario  country 
town.  There  are  the  same  white 
frame  houses  and  stores,  the  same 
kinds  of  barns,  and  the  same  ubiquit¬ 
ous  Fords.  After  spending  the  af¬ 
ternoon  wandering  around,  we  re¬ 
turn  to  the  ship  for  dinner.  After 
dinner,  the  scene  is  one  which  will 
not  easily  be  forgotten.  The  orch¬ 
estra  is  playing  in  the  ballroom,  and 
the  people  of  Molde  have  come  out  in 
small  boats  and  are  lying  around 
close  to  the  ship,  listening  to  the 
music.  The  setting  sun  tints  the 
distant  mountains  with  the  most 
delicate  colours — pinks,  and  purples- 
and  blues.  The  water  of  the  fiord, 
still  as  a  lake,  assumes  the  most 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


245 


wonderful  purple  hue,  on  which  the 
little  boats  seem  to  float  like  fairy 
craft,  with  the  chatter  of  their  occu¬ 
pants  in  a  strange  tongue  to  bear 
out  the  illusion.  The  whole  effect 
of  music  and  colors  forms  a  picture 
which  will  remain  in  the  memory 
forever. 

Molde  is  roughly  in  the  same  lati¬ 
tude  as  Greenland,  but,  thanks  to 
the  influence  of  the  Gulf  stream, 
the  summer  weather  is  warm  and 
sunny.  In  these  latitudes  in  July 


for  a  drive  in  a  curious  little  two¬ 
wheeled  conveyance  called  a  “stolk- 
jaerre.”  These  little  carts  are  the 
chief  means  of  transportation.  They 
accommodate  two  passengers  and  the 
driver,  who  occupies  a  small  seat  be¬ 
hind,  and  drives  with  his  reins  in 
between  the  passengers.  The  stolk- 
jaerres  are  drawn  by  small  but  sturdy 
Norwegian  ponies,  which  are  quite 
unique.  They  are  remarkably  pretty 
little  animals,  usually  light  fawn  in 
colour,  with  a  dark  stripe  down  the 


View  from  above  Merok 


the  sun  never  sets,  and  it  is  an  ex¬ 
traordinary  sensation  to  go  out  on 
deck  at  midnight  and  find  it  still 
light  enough  to  read.  Bed,  under 
these  circumstances,  seems  entirely 
out  of  place. 

Sometime  during  the  night  the 
anchor  is  raised,  and  we  slip  quietly 
and  unostentatiously  away,  heading 
further  up  the  fiord.  During  the 
next  morning  we  arrive  at  our  next 
point  of  call — Naes,  a  small  village 
set  in  even  more  beautiful  surround¬ 
ings  than  Molde.  From  here  we  go 


centre  of  the  back.  We  drive  down 
the  famous  Romsdal  Valley  between 
marvellous  precipices  of  sheer  rock, 
around  the  base  of  the  Romsdalhorn, 
or  Rani’s  Horn,  a  magnificent  moun¬ 
tain,  whose  summit  is  on  this  occas¬ 
ion  unfortunately  veiled  in  cloud. 

So  we  go  on.  It  would  take  too 
long  to  describe  in  detail  each  place 
we  visit.  Merok  is  perhaps  the  most 
beautiful  of  all.  This  is  a  tiny  vil¬ 
lage,  perched  at  the  foot  of  wonder¬ 
ful  mountains,  with  a  stream  which 
comes  down  from  the  hills  in  a  ser- 


246 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


ies  of  cascades,  passing  in  a  seeth¬ 
ing  torrent  of  white  foam  through 
the  very  centre  of  the  village.  On 
the  way  to  and  from  Merok  we  pass 
the  Seven  Sisters  Waterfall,  where 
the  water  comes  down  a  sheer  cliff, 
perhaps  five  hundred  feet  in  height 
in  seven  distinct  falls,  which  merge 
together  into  three  at  the  bottom. 
The  fiord  at  this  spot  is  only  a  few 
hundred  yards  wide  and  the  moun¬ 
tains  rise  on  both  sides  to  a  height 
of  several  thousand  feet,  giving  an 
effect  of  majestic  beauty.  There  is 
not  very  much  water  in  the  fall,  and 
as  we  steam  slowly  past  we  get  the 
impression  of  delicately  falling 
streamers  of  lace. 

At  Gudvaugen  we  drive  up  the 
Naerodal  Valley,  and  have  lunch  at 
a  hotel  perched  at  the  edge  of  a 
cliff,  a  thousand  feet  above  the  head 
of  the  valley,  with  a  magnificent 
view.  At  Loen  we  drive  a  few  miles 
inland,  then  cross  a  lake  some  ten 
miles  in  length  in  a  fantastic  apo¬ 
logy  for  a  steamer,  and  drive  a  little 
further  to  see  the  Kjendalsbrae 
Glacier.  This  is  a  wonderful  sight — 
a  river  of  snow  and  ice  flowing  down 
a  fold  in  the  mountains,  and  ending 
in  a  wall  of  blue-green  ice  two  or 
three  hundred  feet  high. 

On  one  or  two  occasions  passen¬ 
gers  are  landed  in  the  morning  at  the 
head  of  a  fiord,  and  the  ship  pro¬ 
ceeds  back  out  to  sea  and  up  the 
next  fiord,  leaving  us  to  drive  across 
country,  and  rejoin  her  at  the  next 
place.  The  roads  are  wonderful 
feats  of  engineering,  winding  in  and 
out  among  the  hills,  uphill  the  first 
half  the  way  until  the  head  of  the 
pass  is  reached,  and  then  downhill, 
always  surrounded  by  the  grandeur 
of  the  mountains,  and  always  with 
the  sound  of  falling  water  in  the  air. 


There  are  waterfalls  everywhere, 
sometimes  as  many  as  five  or  six  in 
sight  at  one  time,  some  mere  trickles 
and  others  regular  mountain  tor¬ 
rents.  Evidences  of  landslides  and 
avalanches  are  numerous.  Some¬ 
times  the  road  has  been  blocked  at 
some  period  and  a  new  one  has  been 
built  around  the  tangled  debris  of 
rocks.  Always  the  country  is  wild 
and  desolate,  with  few  trees  and 
little  vegetation  save  coarse  grass 
and  peaty  soil,  but  always  it  is  beau¬ 
tiful  with  a  wild  and  awful  beauty. 

Towards  the  end  of  the  trip  we 
put  in  at  Bergen,  the  second  city  in 
the  country,  second  only  to  Oslo,  the 
capital.  Bergen  is  quite  a  thriving 
town,  with  old  and  modern  portions, 
and  a  railway  station  and  a  fishmar- 
ket — very  certainly  a  fishmarket. 
Our  noses  inform  us  of  its  existence 
long  before  we  see  it!  The  old  park 
of  Bergen  is  quaint  and  picturesque, 
with  old  gabled  houses  and  cobbled 
streets.  The  modern  part  might  be 
anywhere,  with  big  new  stores,  and 
well-laid  streets.  Bergen  is  further 
south  than  the  places  previously 
visited,  and  the  surrounding  country 
is  less  mountainous  though  still  wild 
and  rugged.  It  is  more  like  some 
parts  of  Scotland,  with  grass  and 
heather-covered  hills,  and  larger 
tracts  of  open  country. 

Two  more  places  are  visited — 
Norheimsund  and  Ulvik,  and  then  we 
steam  away  for  the  last  time,  with 
our  bow  headed  for  home.  After  an¬ 
other  calm  passage  we  arrive  at 
Immingham  on  a  Friday  morning, 
just  thirteen  days  from  the  time  we 
left.  The  trip  to  Norway  is  over, 
leaving  us  to  live  over  again  in  re¬ 
trospect  each  incident  in  a  holiday 
which  time  will  never  erase  from  our 
memory. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


247 


Making  an  Insect  Collection 

G.  S.  Walley,  '26. 


ONE  of  the  first  requisites  of  a 
course  in  Entomology  is  usu¬ 
ally  that  the  student  make  a 
representative  collection  of  the  more 
common  insects  which  he  is  to  study. 
This  is  done  in  order  to  acquaint 
the  student  with  some  of  the  more 
salient  characteristics  and  habits  of 
insects  and  to  give  practice  in  the 
technique  of  handling  insect  mater¬ 
ial.  One  of  the  first  difficulties  which 
confronts  the  beginner  is  a  lack  of 
the  knowledge  of  how  to  go  about 
making  a  collection  and  the  mater¬ 
ials  required  for  the  work.  If  a  few 
points  are  borne  in  mind,  the  col¬ 
lection  of  a  few  hundred  insects  is 
extremely  simple  and  requires  very 
little  in  the  way  of  collecting  appara¬ 
tus. 

Materials  Required 

The  simplest  collecting  outfit 
should  include  one  or  two  killing 
bottles,  a  collector’s  net,  some  steel 
insect  pins,  a  spreading  board  and 
an  insect  box  in  which  to  place  the 
specimens. 

It  is  best  to  have  a  large  and  small 
sized  killing  bottle,  the  small  one  for 
the  more  fragile  specimens,  and  the 
large  size  for  the  larger  and  more 
robust  forms.  A  one  pint  fruit  seal¬ 
er  will  serve  for  the  large  bottle  and 
a  thick  walled  test  tube  for  the  small 
one.  Into  each  bottle  should  be 
placed  a  few  lumps  of  sodium  or 
potassium  cyanide,  and  after  moist¬ 
ening  it  with  water  it  is  held  in  place 
by  a  quantity  of  damp  sawdust  cov¬ 
ered  with  several  discs  of  heavy  blot¬ 
ting  paper  pressed  down  tightly  on 
top  of  the  sawdust.  The  bottles 


should  be  tightly  corked  and  label¬ 
led  “Poison.”  The  bottles  if  properly 
prepared  and  kept  corked  when  not 
in  use  will  last  for  the  entire  season. 

It  is  not  essential  to  possess  an  in¬ 
sect  net,  but  one  is  so  easily  and 
cheaply  constructed,  and  so  useful, 
that  it  rarely  pays  to  do  without  it. 
A  steel  wire  hoop  12  to  15  inches  in 
diameter  fastened  securely  to  the  end 
of  a  short  rod  constitutes  the  frame¬ 
work  of  the  net.  The  bag  may  be 
constructed  of  ordinary  mosquito  bar 
which  is  very  inexpensive,  or  a  better 
grade  of  net  may  be  used.  The  bag 
should  be  two  or  three  times  as  deep 
as  the  diameter  of  the  net. 

The  remainder  of  the  materials 
may  be  purchased  from  a  supply 
house  dealing  in  entomological 
equipment.  For  general  collecting, 
black  steel  pins  of  the  sizes  No.  1 
and  No.  2  are  best.  An  adjustable 
spreading  board  costs  fifty  to  sixty 
cents,  and  is  essential  if  Lepidoptera 
are  collected.  Various  types  of  in¬ 
sect  boxes  are  on  the  market  rang- 
in  price,  and  the  student  will  have 
to  choose  from  one  of  these. 

Additional  equipment  in  the  way 
of  extra  cyanide  bottles,  vials,  for¬ 
ceps,  etc.,  are  useful  but  not  essen¬ 
tial  for  the  amateur  collector. 

The  Best  Time  to  Collect  Insects 

Contrary  to  general  opinion  in¬ 
sects  may  be  collected  at  practically 
any  time  of  the  year.  At  certain 
seasons,  however,  insects  are  much 
more  abundant  and  more  easily 
found  than  at  others  and  the  novice 
would  do  well  to  make  his  collection 
at  this  time. 


248  • 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


In  Ontario  and  in  general  through¬ 
out  Canada  the  best  collecting 
months  are  June  and  July.  For 
general  collecting  the  student  should 
choose  a  bright  warm  day  when 
there  is  little  or  no  wind  blowing. 
The  day  should  not  be  too  Trot  or 
oppressive  or  the  insects  will  not  fly 
readily.  The  afternoon  is  the  best 
time  of  the  day  to  collect  and  early 
afternoon  is  better  than  later  in  the 
day  for  most  insects.  Collecting  on  a 
cloudy  day  is  liable  to  be  unproduc¬ 
tive,  especially  if  the  temperature  is 
inclined  to  be  low. 

Advantage  may  be  taken  of  the 
fact  that  many  insects  are  attracted 
to  a  bright  light,  and  hence  may  be 
captured  at  night  in  the  vicinity  of 
street  lights,  etc.  If  the  collector  is 
more  enterprising  he  may  construct 
a  trap-lantern  for  this  purpose. 

Choosing  a  Collecting  Ground 

The  best  field  for  general  collect¬ 
ing  is  found  in  the  so-called  waste 
land;  that  is  land  which  is  not  un¬ 
der  intensive  cultivation,  but  which 
has  been  allowed  to  become  covered 
with  numerous  wild  plants,  shrubs 
and  low  bushes.  It  is  also  best  to 
have  water  in  the  vicinity,  thus 
swampy  areas,  marshes  and  along 
the  banks  of  streams  and  ponds  make 
admirable  collecting  spots.  Wherever 
there  is  an  abundance  of  bloom  of 
numerous  varieties  many  insects  will 
usually  be  found.  In  towns  and  cities 
many  insects  may  be  collected  in 
parks  and  in  flower  gardens. 

If  one  is  interested  in  aquatic 
forms  many  insects  may  be  procured 
by  dredging  shallow  streams  and 
ponds.  A  sieve  net  is  very  useful 
for  this  purpose  and  may  be  em¬ 
ployed  in  scooping  up  a  quantity  of 
the  silt,  gravel  and  plant  debris  from 


the  bottom  of  the  stream.  When 
the  surplus  water  has  drained  away 
any  insects  present  may  usually  be 
detected  by  their  motions,  and  are 
easily  captured. 

Soil  inhabiting  insects  are  often 
easily  procured  by  digging  with  a 
trowel  in  loose  soil  or  by  sifting  over 
dead  leaves  and  surface  soil,  thus 
exposing  the  insects.  Searching  un¬ 
der  loose  stones,  old  lumber  and 
pieces  of  bark  will  reveal  the  hiding 
places  of  many  species. 

Some  insects  live  in  dead  and  dy¬ 
ing  trees,  and  by  searching  closely 
in  such  places  they  may  be  found. 

Making  a  Representative  Collection 

While  the  professional  collector 
usually  confines  himself  to  collect¬ 
ing  only  one  group  of  insects,  the 
amateur  should  endeavour  to  secure 
representative  specimens  of  each  of 
the  main  orders  of  insects. 

In  collecting  Lepidoptera,  (moths 
and  butterflies),  many  common 
forms  should  be  met  with.  Of  the 
first  forms  seen  in  the  spring  are 
the  delicate  “blues”  and  “coppers,” 
as  they  are  called.  These  are  com¬ 
monly  seen  along  roadsides  and  in 
weedy  pastures.  Later  in  the  season 
the  Swallowtails  are  quite  common. 
The  Tiger  swallowtail  frequents  open 
fields,  the  adult  feeding  on  the  nec¬ 
tar  of  various  species  of  compositae. 
The  Black  swallowtail  is  often  at¬ 
tracted  to  gardens  where  parsnips 
are  growing  and  may  be  captured 
while  ovipositing  on  these.  The 
large  Monarch  butterfly  is  often 
found  in  the  vicinity  of  milkweed, 
which  is  its  larval  host  plant.  The 
Viceroy  is  also  commonly  met  with 
and  its  larval  hosts  are  willow,  pop¬ 
lar  and  aspen.  Other  species  which 
may  be  found  plentifully  in  open 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


249 


pastures  and  along  streams  include 

0 

the  mourning  cloak,  the  Compton’s 
tortoise,  the  American  tortoise-shell, 
the  fritillaries,  the  black  banded  pur¬ 
ple,  the  common  sulphur  and  cab¬ 
bage  butterflies.  The  commonest 
moths  met  with  include  the  Hawk 
moths,  the  Noctuids  or  cutworm 
moths,  the  Tiger  moths  and  Tus¬ 
sock  moths.  Of  the  Saturnoidea  the 
lo,  polyphemus,  promethea  and  luna 
are  the  commonest  forms. 

The  Diptera  or  flies  constitute  a 
very  large  order  and  should  be  well 
represented  in  the  collection.  Many 
flies  are  flower  visitors,  and  may  be 
collected  from  blossom  clusters. 
Others  are  found  chiefly  resting  on 
foliage,  especially  the  tips  of  branch¬ 
es,  shoots  and  on  the  upper  surfaces 
of  leaves.  The  mosquitoes,  midges 
and  crane  flies  may  be  collected  in 
the  vicinity  of  streams  or  bodies  of 
water,  usually  resting  on  shrubs 
along  the  bank,  and  often  swarming 
and  dancing  in  the  air  over  the  sur¬ 
face  of  the  water.  Many  diptera 
inhabit  human  dwellings,  and  from 
such  places  one  may  procure  house 
flies,  stable  flies,  flesh  flies,  and  win¬ 
dow  flies. 

The  Hymenoptera,  (bees,  ants, 
wasps,  etc.),  are  another  important 
group.  Many  species  of  hymenoptera 
are  flower  visitors.  Others  are  para¬ 
sitic  on  other  insects.  Many  species 
of  wasps  frequent  damp  muddy  areas 
in  the  vicinity  of  streams.  Various 
species  of  ants  may  be  found  inhabit¬ 
ing  soil,  dead  wood,  bark  and  fallen 
timber. 

The  Coleoptera  (beetles)  are  a 
very  large  group  of  insects  and 
should  have  an  important  place  in 
any  collection.  Many  aquatic  species 
may  be  collected  as  described  above. 
Among  the  forms  found  in  and  on 


the  soil  are  the  ground  beetles,  sex¬ 
ton  beetles  and  dung  beetles.  Many 
leaf  eating  species  may  be  collected 
on  garden  crops  of  various  kinds. 
Other  forms  feed  on  wild  plants, 
shrubs  and  trees.  These  may  be  col¬ 
lected  by  shaking  the  foliage  over 
the  net  causing  the  insects  to  fall 
into  the  net. 

Prominent  among  the  plant  feed¬ 
ing  insects  are  the  Hemiptera  or  true 
bugs.  This  order  also  includes  a 
number  of  aquatic  forms  and  several 
predaceous  species,  which  prey  upon 
other  insects.  The  Hemiptera  are  fre¬ 
quently  collected  by  sweeping  grassy 
land  with  the  net  and  by  shaking 
and  beating  shrubs  and  foliage  over 
an  open  net. 

\  '  , 
Preserving  Specimens 

Most  insects  are  mounted  on  pins 
with  about  the  upper  one-quarter  of 
the  pin  projecting  above  the  insect. 
Diptera  Hymenoptera,  Lepidoptera 
and  Hemiptera  are  pinned  through 
the  thoracic  region.  All  Lepidoptera 
should  be  ‘“spread”  as  soon  as  col¬ 
lected,  or  if  allowed  to  harden  they 
should  be  “relaxed”  before  attempt¬ 
ing  to  spread  them.  Coleoptera 
should  be  pinned  through  the  an¬ 
terior  portion  of  the  right  elytron. 

Insects  which  are  too  small  to  be 
pinned  should  be  mounted  on  small 
card  points  and  these  points  in  turn 
mounted  on  ordinary  insect  pins. 

Most  larvae,  pupae  and  many 
small  soft  bodied  insects,  such  as 
Aphids,  should  be  preserved  in  70 
per  cent,  alcohol  and  stored  in  small 
glass  vials. 

All  pinned  specimens  should  be 
safeguarded  against  the  attacks  of 
mice  or  insect  pests,  especially  ones 
which  commonly  infest  households. 


250 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


“Depth  Charges” 

V.  T.  Elton,  ’26.  Late  Royal  Navy. 


DAWN  broke  on  cold  grey  seas, 
backed  by  a  murky  leaden  sky, 
as  the  G-19  slipped  out  of  a 
harbour  in  the  north  of  Scotland, 
bound  for  a  destination  even  more 
northern. 

The  G-19  belonged  to  one  of  the 
Grand  Fleet  destroyer  flotillas,  based 
at  that  famous  natural  harbour  in 
the  Orkney  Islands  known  as  Scapa 
Flow.  These  destroyers  had  to  do 
the  drudgery  of  naval  warfare,  pro¬ 
tect  the  battle  squadrons  at  sea,  con¬ 
voy  transports,  and  merchantmen, 
submarine  patrols,  “in  fact,”  grumb¬ 
led  a  sub-lieutenant  huddled  up  in 
one  corner  of  the  G-19’s  bridge, 
“we’ve  got  to  do  every  damned  thing 
but  stay  in  harbour.” 

“Starboard  ten!”  he  ordered  the 
quartermaster  at  the  helm  as  soon 
as  she  had  cleared  the  corner  of  the 
mine  field.  Then,  “midships” — and 
as  the  compass-dial  swung  round  in 
an  easterly  direction,  “Steady  on 
East  by  North!” 

“Steady  on  East  by  North,  sir,” 
repeated  in  sing-song  tones  the  man 
at  the  wheel,  and  twirling  the  small 
steering  wheel  in  capable  hands 
brought  the  ship’s  bow  to  a  stop,  ex¬ 
actly  on  the  given  course. 

“Thank  the  Lord  my  watch  will  be 
over  before  we  strike  our  nose 
(naval  slang  for  bow)  into  this,” 
muttered  the  sub-lieutenant,  whom 
we  will  from  now  on  call  the  Sub. 

“Did  you  say  anything,  sir?”  ask¬ 
ed  the  quartermaster,  anticipating 
an  order. 

“No!”  was  a  short  growled  reply. 
A  grin  was  directed  at  the  officer’s 
back,  and  the  grinner  later  informed 


the  crew  that  the  Sub.  had  apparent¬ 
ly  not  received  a  letter  from  his 
sweetie,  and  was  as  cheerful  as  a 
drowning  cat. 

But  this  Sub.  didn’t  possess  such 
a  thing  as  a  sweetie.  He  was  fed  up 
with  three  years  of  war  and  the 
monotony  of  sea.  “Just  give  me  a 
chance  at  flying  or  tanks,  anything 
but  this  chasing  of  ruddy  submarines 
that  are  never  there,”  he  growingly 
muttered,  and  the  wind  increasing  to 
half  a  gale,  moaned  with  a  ghostly 
sound  through  the  rigging,  as  if  in 
mockery.  The  only  sign  of  the  sun 
was  a  dull  red  streak  across  the  hori¬ 
zon,  now  made  uneven  by  the  increas¬ 
ing  size  of  the  waves,  and  backed  by 
heavy  banks  of  black  clouds.  Dull, 
grey,  sinister,  forboding  was  every¬ 
thing.  But  destroyer  men  were  used  to 
this;  it  formed  ninety  per  cent,  of 
their  daily  duty,  and  in  their  heart  of 
hearts  they  loved  it.  Fighting  the 
elements  with  a  slim  destroyer  is 
lots  of  fun,  it’s  so  clean,  and  makes 
life  worth  while.  True  enough  the 
elements  win  sometimes,  but  what’s 
that  to  sailors,  just  part  of  the  game. 

At  last  the  hour  of  eight  approach¬ 
ed,  and  a  fragrant  odour  reached  the 
bridge.  The  Sub.  smiled,  and  even 
looked  happy.  Sniff,  “five  more  min¬ 
utes,”  sniff,  “bacon,  four  more 
minutes,”  sniff,  “coffee,  three  more 
minutes,”  sniff,  and  another  sniff, 
“kippers.”  “Start  with  porridge,  then 
a  kippered  herring,  then  another 
kippered  herring,  then  bacon,  and 
yes  an  egg,  perhaps  two  eggs,  toast, 
several  cups  of  coffee,  marmalade. 
Oh  boy,  life  isn’t  so  bad  after  all. 
Think  of  those  poor  birds  in  the 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


251 


trenches;  damned  glad  I’m  not  in,” 
but  eight  bells  interrupted  the  Sub’s 
reflections,  for  the  hour  of  eight  a.m. 
had  approached. 

You  have  to  be  punctual  in  the 
British  Navy,  so  before  the  last  echo 
had  died  away,  several  oil  skin  clad 
figures  were  on  the  bridge,  and  the 
ceremony  attached  to  changing 
soon  dispensed  with.  (Note — Chang¬ 
ing  watches  is  relieving  those  who 
have  been  on  duty).  “Alter  course 
to  North  at  nine  o’clock,”  directed 
the  Sub,  “keep  a  good  look-out  for 
mines,  and  call  Beery  Bill  at  nine- 
thirty.”  The  person  referred  to  as 
Beery  Bill  was  the  captain,  a  lieu¬ 
tenant  commander,  Christian  name 
William,  fond  of  beer,  very  fond  in 
fact,  hence,  Beery  Bill. 

“Now,  look  here,  sonny,”  replied 
the  person  to  whom  these  remarks 
were  addressed,  a  young  lieutenant 
about  three  years  the  Sub’s  senior, 
“don’t  get  so  fresh  with  your  super¬ 
iors  at  this  hour  of  the  morning.” 

“You  go  to  somewhere,”  softly  re¬ 
torted  that  worthy,  sliding  rapidly 
down  a  steel  ladder,  then  another 
even  more  rapidly,  for  his  stomach 
was  empty,  and  that  sniffing  sniffed 
good. 

A  few  minutes  later  he  was  de¬ 
vouring  his  second  kipper  in  a  tiny 
but  snug  wardroom  aft,  (officers’ 
eating  saloon  near  the  stern  of  the 
ship),  with  feet  entwined  round  a 
handy  stanchion.  “This  is  the  life,” 
he  said,  as  a  steward  brought  him  a 
heaping  plate  of  bacon  and  eggs. 
The  ship  was  now  rolling  heavily. 
Everything  movable  went  with  each 
roll.  So  did  an  egg.  He  retrieved 
it  off  a  soiled  tablecloth,  and  ex¬ 
pertly  caught  a  slab  of  bacon  making 
for  the  deck.  “What’s  dirt  anyhow,” 


he  said,  and  the  egg  vanished  to  be 
an  egg  no  more. 

Eating  one’s  meals  in  a  pitching 
destroyer  is  an  art  in  itself,  sleep¬ 
ing  even  a  greater  art,  but  time  had 
made  the  sub  master  of  both,  and 
his  stomach  inside  was  as  hard  as 
nails,  for  he  was  born  for  the  sea, 
as  all  true  sailors  are.  “Now  for  a 
pipe  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  then  my 
little  bunk,”  and  stretching  legs,  en¬ 
cased  in  leather  thigh  boots,  before 
a  tireless  stove,  he  sighed  a  long 
drawn  sigh  of  supreme  satisfaction. 
Fires  are  not  allowed  at  sea  except 
in  the  galley,  (the  place  where  food 
is  cooked),  and  very  often  that  fire 
goes  out,  the  sea  does  that.  Oh, 
women,  if  you  only  knew  how  a 
man’s  humour  changes  after  a  good 
wholesome  meal,  your  worries 
upon  the  strangeness  of  man 
would  be  solved.  Feed  the  brutes, 
feed  them  well,  then  ask  them  for 
anything  you  want,  you’ll  get  it; 
it’s  simple,  try  it 

The  pipe  finished,  the  Sub  made 
his  way  on  deck,  and  stood  surveying 
with  a  critical  seaman’s  eye,  the 
watery  waste.  The  weather  had 
now  assumed  the  proportion  of 
a  gale,  and  the  wind  shifting  round 
to  the  Norard  (from  the  North) 
brought  with  it  the  cold  blasts  of 
the  arctic.  The  month  was  January. 
Shivering  a  little  he  crawled  through 
a  narrow  manhole  in  the  deck,  the 
entrance  to  the  officers’  quarters,  and 
entered  his  cabin,  a  room  about  nine 
feet  long  by  eight  feet  wide.  Slowly 
he  divested  himself  of  his  oilskins, 
seaboots  followed,  and  he  stood  re¬ 
vealed  in  an  old  tattered  salt  and 
grease  stained  uniform,  under  which 
was  a  heavy  blue  fisherman’s  jersey. 
Throwing  off  the  jacket  he  clamber¬ 
ed  into  his  bunk,  muttering  sleepily, 


252 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


“that  he’d  be  getting  lousy  (lice)  if 
he  didn’t  get  a  bath  soon.”  But  de¬ 
stroyer  men  vTre  not  allowed  to 
undress  at  sea,  and  long  hot  baths 
were  a  luxury  unknown.  You  per¬ 
formed  such  ablutions  in  a  tiny  flat 
rubber  affair  amidst  cortortions,  and 
grunts,  and  smothered  oaths. 

A  few  minutes  later  the  Sub.  was 
breathing  gently  and  evenly,  denot¬ 
ing  clearly  that  the  peace  of  sleep 
had  temporarily  claimed  him.  And 
the  ship  pitched  heavily  and  put  her 
bow  into  massive  green  seas  which 
crashed  upon  her  decks,  with  a  roar 
as  of  a  mountain  torrent  in  flood, 
for  she  was  heading  North. 

At  four  p.m.  the  Sub.  gingerly 
made  his  way  forward,  hanging  on 
for  life  as  the  water  swirled  over  the 
decks  as  high  as  his  waist.  “Damn!” 
he  said  as  an  icy  feeling  ran  down 
his  legs,  “I  start  my  ruddy  watch 
wet.” 

The  G-19  was  now  making  heavy 
weather  of  it.  She  would  plunge 
into  a  wave,  stop  and  shudder  as  if 
her  heavy  hull  was  going  to  be  torn 
loose,  her  screws  (propellors)  rac¬ 
ing  as  the  stern  was  flung  clear  of 
the  raging  waters.  Then  reeling 
like  a  drunken  man,  her  bow  would 
be  raised  clear,  only  to  come  down 
with  a  sickening  thud,  and  the  seas 
roaring  over  the  foredeck,  break 
with  a  shatter  into  many  fine  atoms 
of  cold  stinging  spray  flung  high 
above  the  funnels,  to  fall  away  aft 
with  a  noise  as  of  large  hail  on  a 
steel  barn. 

On  the  bridge  two  figures  in  drip¬ 
ping  oilskins  clung  to  the  rail.  To 
one  of  these  the  gunner,  a  warrant 
officer  (a  seaman  promoted  to  junior 
officer’s  rank)  the  Sub.  made  his 
way.  The  other  was  he  that  is 
known  as  Beery  Bill,  the  captain. 


The  gunner  turning,  noticed  the  Sub. 
and  grinning  through  tobacco  stain¬ 
ed  teeth,  turned  over  his  responsibil¬ 
ities.  He  informed  the  Sub.  that 
“the  course  was  Nor.  Nor.  West, 
(North  North  West)  the  speed  of  the 
ship  eight  knots,  (Nautical  mile  2080 
yards),  the  velocity  of  the  wind  sev¬ 
enty  miles  an  hour,  that  it  was  blow¬ 
ing  like  Hades,  and  apt  to  blow  like 
H.L.,  the  final  remarks  being  entirely 
unnecessary.  The  captain  spoke  not  a 
word,  just  gazed  ahead,  his  forehead 
puckered,  mouth  set  in  grim  lines. 
Night  was  falling,  and  those  heavy 
clouds  flying  across  the  sky  before 
the  powerful  wind  meant  a  fight.  If 
only  they  could  be  sure  of  missing 
floating  mines  in  the  dark,  all  would 
be  well.  The  ship  was  sturdy,  his  of¬ 
ficers  fine  seamen,  but  mines  at  dark; 
to  hit  one  in  such  weather  was  sure 
death. 

SZJ 

So  the  time  passed  silently,  the 
older  and  younger  man  wrapped  up 
in  their  thoughts.  At  six  o’clock  the 
ship’s  bell  was  struck  four  times,  de¬ 
noting  the  end  of  the  first  dog  watch 
(4  to  6  p.m.).  The  first  lieutenant 
again  relieved  the  Sub.,  and  the 
necessary  orders  were  transferred. 
The  latter,  for  a  parting  remark, 
turned  to  the  former,  saying:  “The 
gunner  told  me  it  was  blowing  like 
Hades,  also  that  it  was  apt  to  blow 
like  H.L.  I  have  great  pleasure  in 
informing  you,  sir,  that  it  is  now 
blowing  like  HL.  Anything  good 
for  dejeuner  number  one?”  What! 

The  galley  fire  is  out!”  Then . 

blankety  blank,  blank,  blank,  he 
turned  and  mournfully  left*  the 
bridge,  for  the  night  was  cold,  bitter¬ 
ly  cold,  and  he  was  wet  through,  the 
water  sopping  with  a  squelsh  in  each 
sea  boot  as  he  walked.  But  the  sea 
had  made  one  more  conquest,  and 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


253 


he  cursed  it  bitterly  as  he  dined  on 
“ugh!”  cold  ship’s  biscuits,  “ugh,” 
mouldy  cheese,  and  another  “ugh!” 
cold  ginger  beer.  And  the  sea  roll¬ 
ing  on  in  mountainous  torrents, 
mocked  the  curser  through  the 
stormy  night.  He  heard  not,  for  he 
still  had  his  beloved  pipe,  the  sailor’s 
friend  of  friends.  In  homes  in  Brit¬ 
ain  sailors’  wives  knelt  in  prayer, 
and  the  wind  rattled  windows  and 
doors,  saying,  “I  am  the  master  of 
the  seas,  defy  me  if  you  will.” 

Again  the  Sub.  made  his  cabin,  but 
he  was  wet,  cold  and  miserable  in 
that  part  of  his  anatomy  known  as 
the  tummy.  Sleep  under  such  condi¬ 
tions  was  well  nigh  impossible.  He 
could,  however,  at  least  pretend. 
Perhaps  before  continuing  this  story 
I  had  better  describe  the  kind  of  ship 
a  destroyer  happened  to  be  in  those 
days. 

As  the  name  implies,  they  are  de¬ 
structive  in  habit.  Long,  narrow, 
fast,  raky  vessels,  with  only  seven 
feet  of  freeboard  (ship’s  side)  above 
the  water  line.  The  height  of  the 
fo’castle  (the  bow  portion)  is  rough¬ 
ly  fourteen  feet  above  the  water,  and 
turned  in  graceful  lines,  and  con¬ 
tours  from  a  knife-like  ram  to  the 
bridge,  situated  about  a  fifth  of  the 
length  of  the  ship  from  the  bow 
(pronounced  bough).  Behind  the 
bridge  is  a  raky  mast,  then  three 
raky  funnels  between  two  of  which 
is  a  four  inch  gun  mounted  on  a  plat¬ 
form,  around  which  are  stacked  in 
racks  numerous  thirty-four  pound 
shells.  Behind  the  funnels  are  two 
twin  twenty-one  inch  torpedo  tubes, 
and  in  between  them  a  pom  pom  or 
two  pounder  rapid  fire  gun.  Near 
the  stern  and  over  the  before  men¬ 
tioned  ward  room  is  another  four- 


that  part  of  the  vessel  known  as  the 
ship’s  quarter,  are  four  innocent 
looking  plain  grey  drums,  built  of 
steel,  and  about  the  size  of  small 
barrels.  Those  are  the  depth  charg¬ 
es  on  which  this  story,  a  true  one 
bar  a  few  names  as  G-19,  is  based. 
At  one  end  they  contain  a  hydrosta¬ 
tic  valve,  which  can  be  set  to  ex¬ 
plode  at  the  required  depth.  If  a 
periscope  is  sighted  the  destroyer 
races  for  it  at  full  speed.  The  peris¬ 
cope  usually  vanishes  and  you  drop 
a  charge,  say  set  to  explode  at  a 
depth  of  fifty  feet.  You  then  judge 
the  course  the  submarine  would  be 
taking  under  the  water  and  fire  two, 
from  two  nine  inch  howitzers  situat¬ 
ed  near  the  after  gun,  a  little  for¬ 
ward  of  it.  These  howitzers  are 
placed  one  either  side  of  the  ship, 
so  that  each  depth  charge  hits  the 
sea  at  right  angle  to  either  side, 
about  100  yards  away.  These  ex¬ 
plode  say  at  about  80  to  100  feet 
depth.  You  then  run  another  hund¬ 
red  yards  or  so  and  drop  another  at 
a  greater  depth  explosive  setting. 
One  of  these  will  destroy  a  submar¬ 
ine  or  destroyer  if  it  is  within  a  200 
yard  radius  of  them,  if  not  at  least 
seriously  damaging  them.  Providing 
your  judgment  has  been  correct,  oil 
and  bubbles  mixed  very  often  with 
bits  of  Fritzy  will  be  your  reward. 
Another  four  inch  gun  (diameter  of 
the  barrel  four  inches)  completes  the 
main  part  of  the  upper  deck  arm- 
arament.  The  lower  deck  consists 
of  three  powerful  turbines  generat¬ 
ing  28,000  horse  power,  twice  as 
much  as  a  good  sized  Atlantic  liner, 
and  over  half  that  of  the  Aquitania, 
a  vessel  thirty  times  the  tonnage. 
That  is  why  these  destroyers  are  so 
fast,  and  destroyer  men  love  their 
ships  with  all  their  heart  and  soul. 


inch  gun.  In  racks  close  by,  on 

(To  be  continued) 


254 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


News  and  Views 

Memorial  Hall  Becomes  Home  for  Famous 

Canadian  Painting 

By  E.  Wilkes,  ’27. 


It  must  have  been  particularly 
gratifying  to  the  Memorial  Hall  Com¬ 
mittee  to  have  found  such  a  large  and 
appreciative  audience  at  the  Memorial 
Hall  on  Friday  evening,  January  8th, 
when  “The  Drive”,  a  famous  Canadian 
painting,  by  a  no  less  famous  Canadian 
artist — the  late  Tom  Thomson — was  un¬ 
veiled  by  Mr.  Arthur  Lismer,  Vice- 
President  of  the  Ontario  College  of  Art. 

1  he  picture  is  the  first  of  a  series  of 
paintings  which  it  is  hoped  to  secure  by 
accumulated  college  funds,  derived  from 
concerts,  lectures,  etc.,  or  through  the 
generosity  of  donors  interested  in  the 
College,  and  in  its  efforts  to  develop  an 
appreciation  of  Canadian  art.  Such  a 
collection  would  enrich  the  beauty  of 
the  Hall,  and  would  further  intensify 
the  significance  of  its  purpose  as  a  per¬ 
petual  memorial  to  those  students  who 
paid  the  supreme  sacrifice  in  the  Great 
War  for  civilization. 

Professor  Jones,  as  chairman  of  the 
meeting,  explained  that  the  idea  of  pur¬ 
chasing  pictures  by  Canadian  artists,  de¬ 
picting  Canadian  scenes,  and  life,  to 
form  a  permanent  collection  at  the 
College,  originated  in  the  mind  of  Dr. 
O.  J.  Stevenson.  It  was  due  to  his 
energy  and  perseverance  that  this  first 
picture  had  been  secured.  Much  had 
been  done  by  the  nations  of  the  old 
■world  to  develop  an  aesthetic  taste  in 
their  people.  This  had  been  accomplish¬ 
ed  by  the  erection  of  public  art  galler¬ 
ies  throughout  their  country-.  It  is  en¬ 
couraging  that  Canada  is  now  following 
in  their  footsteps.  Professor  Tones  in 


concluding  his  address  stated  that  a 
collection  of  carefully  chosen  Canadian 
paintings  at  the  Memorial  Hall  would 
do  much  to  educate  the  students  at  O. 
A.C.  into  an  appreciation  of  art,  parti¬ 
cularly  the  art  of  their  own  country. 

Before  the  actual  unveiling,  Mr.  Lis¬ 
mer  paid  high  tribute  to  the  late  Tom 
Thomson  as  one  of  Canada’s  leading 
landscape  artists.  His  greatness  lies 
in  the  fact  that  his  very  life  and  soul 
were  absorbed  in  the  natural  beauty  of 
the  North  Country.  This  enabled  him 
to  see  and  appreciate  nature  in  all  her 
moods  and  colourings.  What  Words¬ 
worth  would  have  expressed  in  poetry, 
Tom  Thomson  expressed  on  canvas. 
There  is  nothing  methodised  in  his  in¬ 
terpretation  of  what  he  saw,  either  in 
colour  or  subject.  To  the  eye  accust¬ 
omed  to  the  purely  conventional  style 
of  painting,  Tom  Thomson’s  land¬ 
scapes  at  first  appear  grotesque.  A 
further  study  of  his  work,  however,  en¬ 
ables  the  student  to  gain  an  appreciation 
of  the  sincerity  and  grandeur  of  a  work 
abounding  with  a  vitalised  animation. 

Mr.  Lismer,  with  the  aid  of  lantern 
slides,  showing  other  paintings  of  Tom 
Thomson’s,  and  landscapes  of  other 
well-known  artists,  was  able  to  demon¬ 
strate  to  the  audience,  in  a  very  ex¬ 
plicit  and  interesting  manner,  the  out¬ 
standing  characteristics  of  Tom  Thom¬ 
son’s  art.  The  slides  shown  included 
an  Autumn  woodland  scene,  “Nut  Gath¬ 
erers”,  a  painting,  perfect  in  detail,  and 
rich  in  colour,  by  the  Canadian  artist, 
Homer  Watson.  This  landscape  has 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


255 


been  loaned  to  the  College  by  the  Can¬ 
adian  Art  Gallery,  Ottawa,  and  hangs 
in  a  prominent  position  in  the  College 
dining  hall.  Another  famous  land¬ 
scape  shown  on  the  screen  was  “The 
Ford”,  by  Constable,  the  great  English 
landscape  artist,  whom  Tom  Thomson 
so  closely  resembles  in  the  sincerity  of 
his  interpretation  of  natural  objects. 

The  picture  unveiled  is  one  of  the  art¬ 
ist’s  North  Country  landscapes  portray¬ 
ing  a  log  driving  scene  on  one  of  the 
Northern  Ontario  rivers.  W.  Lismer 
in  giving  a  talk  about  the  picture,  em  • 
phasized  the  difficulty  in  attempting  to 
interpretate,  by  words,  the  emotions  ex¬ 
pressed  by  the  artist  on  canvas.  A 
task  equally  as  difficult  as  that  exper¬ 
ienced  by  anyone  attempting  to  express 
by  word  of  mouth,  the  emotions  and 
beauty  in  one  of  Beethoven’s  sonatas. 
In  attempting  an  interpretation  of  a 
painting  with  such  an  intensity  of  vital¬ 
ity;  with  such  a  wealth  and  depth  of 
colouring,  and  one  modeled  upon  such 


distinctive  lines,  the  task  was  particular¬ 
ly  difficult.  Nevertheless,  in  spite  of 
these  difficulties,  Mr.  Lismer  was  able 
to  give  to  the  unitiated  an  appreciative 
understanding  of  what  the  artist  had  in¬ 
tended  to  portray  in  his  painting. 

In  the  beautiful  landscape  of  North¬ 
ern  Ontario  the  exquisite  colouring  of 
the  skies  combines  with  the  gorgeous 
colouring  of  the  foliage  to  make  a  pic¬ 
ture  of  profound  sublimity.  Such 
scenes,  before  they  can  be  truly  apprec¬ 
iated  on  canvas  must  be  seen  in  reality, 
and  must  become  part  of  one’s  soul  as 
they  had  to  Tom  Thompson.  “His  aims 
were  truthfulness  and  beauty — beauty 
of  colour,  of  feeling,  and  of  emotions.” 
It  is  seldom  that  these  rare  qualities  are 
found  perfectly  combined  in  the  work 
of  any  one  artist.  For  these  qualities  he 
is  unique  in  the  world  of  art,  and  in 
possessing  such  qualities,  he  must 
stand  out  as  one  of  Canada’s  greatest 
painters. 


Out  of  The  North  Country — An  Appreciation  of 

Tom  Thomson 


On  the  slope  of  the  Rosedale  Ravine 
in  Toronto^  a  few  hundreds  yards  from 
the  busy  corner  of  Bloor  and  Yonge, 
there  stands  a  low,  rambling,  unpainted 
shack.  For  several  winters  the  back  part 
of  this  shack  was  used  as  a  combined 
living-room  and  studio  by  Tom  Thom¬ 
son,  painter  of  northern  Ontario  land¬ 
scapes.  Tom  Thomson  is  now  acknow¬ 
ledged  to  have  been  one  of  our  greatest 
Canadian  artists,  but  his  work  was  then 
not  so  well  known  as  it  is  now.  He  had, 
it  is  true,  .exhibited  for  a  number  of 
years  at  the  annual  exhibitions  of  the 
Ontario  Society  of  Artists,  and  a  num¬ 
ber  of  his  pictures  had  been  purchased 
by  the  Provincial  and  the  Dominion 
Governments;  and  to  the  group  of 


younger  artists  who  had  broken  away 
from  the  traditional  methods  of  paint¬ 
ing,  both  “Tom”  himself  and  his  pic¬ 
tures  were  objects  of  interest.  But  the 
general  public  knew  only  vaguely  that 
there  were  a  number  of  younger  paint¬ 
ers — of  whom  Tom  Thomson  was  one 
— whose  methods  were  new  and  daring, 
and  whose  pictures  were  the  object  of 
ridicule  by  the  artists  and  critics  of  the 
old  school. 

But  to  the  few  artists  and  critics 
who  knew  Tom  Thomson  more  intimate¬ 
ly,  he  was,  even  aside  from  his  pictures, 
a  man  of  unusual  qualities.  His  man¬ 
ner  of  life  and  his  habits  of  work  were 
not  those  of  the  conventional  artist  of 
the  studio.  In  the  city  he  was  ill  at 


256 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


ease,  and  although  he  was  pleased  when 
the  public  showed  appreciation  of  his 
work,  he  himself  shrank  from  public¬ 
ity.  He  had  come,  no  one  exactly 
knows  how,  under  the  spell  of  the 
Northland,  and  eight  months  of  his  year 
were  spent  in  the  solitudes  of  Algon¬ 
quin  Park  or  the  highlands  farther 
north.  Only  those  who  have  lived  in 
the  north  country  know  the  fascination 
which  it  holds  for  those  who  have  be¬ 
come  familiar  with  it.  It  is  a  wild  and 


picturesque  country, — a  country  of  lone¬ 
ly  trails,  of  torrents  and  waterfalls,  of 
rocky  islands  and  dimpling  lakes,  a  land 
of  glowing  sunlight  ( and  mysterious 
glooms,  the  country  of  the  Indian  and 
the  habitant  and  of  the  lonely  camper 
who  has  fallen  under  its  spell.  But  in 
this  country  Tom  Thomson  was  among 
familiar  haunts.  He  was  an  expert 
woodsman,  skilled  in  the  use  of  the 
paddle  and  the  rifle  :  and  the  fisher¬ 


man’s  snared  and  in  the  lore  of  the 
forest  no  half-breed  or  Indian  could 
excel  him. 

But  to  those  who  knew  his  methods 
of  work,  Tom  Thomson  was  even  more 
interesting  as  an  artist  than  as  a  woods¬ 
man.  He  had  had  little  training  in  the 
technique  of  his  art.  His  boyhood  was 
spent  on  a  farm  near  Owen  Sound. 
After  leaving  school  he  took  some  les¬ 
sons  in  drawing,  and  he  was  later  em¬ 
ployed  by  the  Grip  Engraving  Com¬ 


pany  of  Toronto.  His  earlier  paintings 
produced  at  this  time  were  full  of  de¬ 
fects;  but,  defective  as  they  were,  they 
attracted  the  attention  of  one  of  the 
younger  artists,  Mr.  A.  Y.  Jackson. 
Jackson  had  the  academic  training  as 
an  artist  which  Tom  Thomson  lacked, 
but  on  the  other  hand  Thomson  pos¬ 
sessed  qualities  in  which  Jackson  was 
deficient.  Dr.  James  McCalluny  who 
was  a  friend  of  both  artists,  arranged 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


257 


that  they  should  spend  th,e  summer 
sketching  together  among  the  islands  of 
the  Georgian  Bay  and  in  Algonquin 
Park.  It  was  with  this  summer  of  1913 
that  Tom  Thomson’s  career  really  be¬ 
gan. 

For  the  rapid  development  of  Tom 
Thomson  through  the  few  years  that 
were  left  to  him  it  is  difficult  to  find  a 
parallel ;  but  the  explanation  is  simple. 
The  qualities  of  the  great  artist  were 
there,  and  it  needed  only  a  hint  as  to 
materials  and  method  to  enable  him  to 
develop  his  powers  to  the  full.  He  in- 


One  of  the  most  amazing  things 
about  Tom  Thomson  was  his  range  of 
subjects.  There  was  nothing  in  this 
picturesque  northland  which  he  did  not 
try  to  paint.  The  mysterious  glooms 
of  the  forest  at  night,  the  gleam  of  the 
camper’s  fire  in  the  darkness,  the  flash 
of  lightning  in  the  storm,  moonlight  on 
lake  and  river,  the  gorgeous  pageant  of 
a  northern  sunset,  the  scarlet  of  the 
maple,  the  white  birch,  the  yellow  of 
last  season’s  tamarack^  the  old  gold  of 
the  fallen  leaves,  the  woods  veiled  in 
soft  mist  by  the  falling  snow,  the  lone 


stinctively  knew  what  would  make  a 
picture  and  how  to  compose  it,  and  he 
was  quick  and  accurate  in  execution. 
He  was  a  faithful  observer,  and  he 
strove  to  paint  what  he  saw,  sincerely 
and  truthfully.  He  had  an  -exceptional 
eye  for  colour  and  was  not  trammelled 
by  the  traditions  of  the  older  schools. 
But  above  all,  he .  had  the  true  artist’s 
feeling  for  the  scenes  which  he  tried  to 
paint.  The  Northland  fascinated  him; 
and,  reserved  and  uncommunicative  in 
ordinary  speech,  he  put  his  soul  into  his 
canvas. 


pine  tree  rocked  by  the  wind,  the  re¬ 
flection  of  lichen-coloured  rock  in  the 
deep  silent  pools  of  the  river,  the  red 
light  of  sunset  on  the  bare  pine  trunks 
— in  other  painters  the  attempt  to  paint 
these  things  would  have  been  sheer 
audacity,  but  to  Tom  Thomson  these 
sketches  were  merely  a  record  of  famil¬ 
iar  things. 

And  his  colour !  All  gradations  of 
tone  and  colour  are  there, — grays  of 
the  water-laden  snow,  the  fresh  greens 
and  delicate  pinks  of  early  Spring,  clear 
yellows  and  crimsons,  glimpses  of  vivid 


258 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


blue  of  the  sky,  the  deep  purples  of 
twilight,  and  the  old  gold  of  the  forest 
floor.  The  critics  of  the  older  school 
tried  to  ridicule  his  pictures  as  impos¬ 
sible  or  untrue,  but  Tom  Thomson  cared 
little  for  these  criticisms.  He  painted 
the  colours  of  the  north  country  as  he 
saw  them,  and  he  verified  them  by  re¬ 
peated  observation. 

One  of  the  most  astonishing  things 
about  his  pictures  was  that  they  were 
painted  almost  without  effort.  With 
most  artists  the  making  of  a  sketch  is 
a  painstaking  process  that  demands  in¬ 
finite  care  and  that  sometimes  covers  a 
period  of  many  days  and  even  weeks. 
But  the  sketches  of  Tom  Thomson  were 
done  with  the  greatest  ease.  He  fre¬ 
quently  painted  two  complete  sketches 
in  the  course  of  a  day ;  and  on  the  day 
when  he  painted  ‘‘The  Sand  Hill’’  he 
carried  with  him  his  rifle,  a  dead  fox, 
a  number  of  partridges,  and  three  fin¬ 
ished  sketches  which  he  had  completed 
offhand  in  the  same  day.  The  Spring 
and  Fall  were  spent  chiefly  in  sketch¬ 
ing;  but  in  the  summer  months  when 
the  flies  became  a  torment  and  the  for¬ 
est  leaves  became  denser^  his  paint  and 
bushes  w:ere  laid  aside  while  he  ex¬ 
plored  njew  stretches  of  country  and 
gave  himself  up  to  the  enjoyment  of 
the  camper’s  life.  In  all  his  comings 
and  goings  he  mingled  little  with 
people,  and  to  most  people  who  chanced 
to  come  his  way  he  was  an  object  of 
curious  interest.  In  the  late  Autumn, 
with  the  coming  of  frosts  and  snows 


that  froze  the  streams  and  blocked  the 
trails,  he  returned  regretfully  to  his 
shack  in  the  city?  and  rejoined  ‘‘THE 
FELLOWS/’  who  were  always  eager  to 
welcome  him  home,  and  curious  to  see 
what  new  work  he  had  done. 

Thus  full  threje  years  passed;  and 
then  in  the  mid-summer  of  1917  there 
came  the  end, — so  sudden,  so  tragic,  so 
mysterious  and  unexplainable, — at  a 
time  when  his  best  and  happiest  work 
was  being  accomplished.  To  his  stun¬ 
ned  and  bewildered  friends  there  came 
word  one  day  that  his  canoe  had  been 
found  floating  in  Canoe  Lake,  Al¬ 
gonquin  Park ;  and  a  week  later  his 
body  was  recovered  from  the  lake,  and 
brought  back  for  burial  at  his  boyhood 
home  near  Owen  Sound. 

On  the  shore  of  Canoe  Lake  where 
he  met  his  death,  a  cairn  of  stones  has 
been  erected  in  his  memory ;  and  for 
those  of  future  generations  who  fol¬ 
low  these  Northern  trails  it  is  well 
that  they  should  know  that  a  great 
Canadian  artist  loved  these  Northern 
lakes  and  gave  up  his  life  in  their  wat¬ 
ers.  But  to  others,  the  favoured  few 
perhaps,  who  have  come  under  the  spell 
of  his  art  and  have  learned  something 
of  his  story,  there  need  be  no  other 
monument  than  his  own  works,  in  which 
he  has  .expressed  his  feeling  for  the 
North  country  which  he  loved^  and 
through  which  he  has  helped  in  some 
measure  to  lay  the  foundation  of  a 
native  Canadian  art. 


Ontario  Agricultural  and  Experimental  Union 


The  forty-seventh  annual  meeting  of 
the  Ontario  Agricultural  and  Experi¬ 
mental  Union  was  held  at  the  O.A.C. 
on  the  11th,  12th  and  13th  of  January. 
It  was  decided  to  hold  it  at  this  date 
rather  than  in  June,  as  was  tried  out  at 


the  Semi-Centennial,  because  it  had  been 
found  out  that  more  farmers  were  able 
to  attend  at  this  time  of  the  year,  and 
in  addition,  both  the  regular  and  short 
course  students  were  given  an  op¬ 
portunity  to  attend. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


259 


Th,e  meeting  started  on  Monday  ev¬ 
ening  in  the  Memorial  Hall,  when  Prof. 
R.  G.  Salter,  6f  the  Agricultural  Ex¬ 
perimental  Station  at  Wooster,  Ohio, 
spoke  on  “The  Farmer’s  Problems  and 
Their  Solution.”  He  stated  that  the 
maintainence  of  soil  fertility,  which  is 
a  problem  of  vital  interest  to  the  farm¬ 
ers  of  Ohio  just  now,  will  be  of  equal 
importance  to  Ontario  agriculture  in 
another  generation.  The  area  of  im¬ 
proved  crop  soil  in  Ohio  has  shrunken 
by  many  thousands  of  acres  during  the 
past  few  years.  The  experimental  sta¬ 
tion  has  been  working  out  methods  of 
improving  the  deteriorated  soil  by 
means  of  different  fertilizers  and  chem¬ 
icals  and  crop  rotation.  Speaking  of 
the  various  kinds  of  fertilizers,  Prof. 
Salter  stated  that  the  Ohio  farmer  had 
used  acid  phosphate  for  many  years 
in  maintaining  the  fertility  of  his  land. 
The  average  amount  of  fertilizers  ap¬ 
plied  is  60  pounds  per  crop  acre.  Ex¬ 
periments  showed  that  the  effectiveness 
of  animal  manure  and  chemical  fertil¬ 
izers  were  almost  identical.  But  al¬ 
though  he  advocated  the  use  of  animal 
manures,  the  Ohio  farmers^  not  raising 
much  livestock,  have  to  resort  to  chem¬ 
ical  means. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Richardson,  of  the  Ontario 
Forestry  Branch  at  Toronto,  gave  an 
illustrated  address  on  “Reforestation  in 
Ontario.’’  The  Branch  has  two  purposes; 
that  of  giving  help  and  information  to 
farmers  in  handling  their  existing 
woodlots,  and  that  of  getting  seedlings 
for  the  reforestation  of  the  waste  lands. 
The  seed  used  is  all  grown  in  Ontario 
and  must  be  first  collected  and  sent  to 
one  of  the  three  Government  nurseries. 
In  1907  they  distributed  the  first  lot  of 
seedlings,  which  amounted  to  3,000.  In 
1925  they  distributed  5,250,000  seed¬ 
lings.  He  spoke  of  the  educational  value 
of  the  work  being  done  in  the  demon¬ 


stration  plots,  and  in  county  forests. 
The  work  of  the  Branch  is  divided  in¬ 
to  three  sections ;  the  supplying  of  free 
seedling  trees  of  all  kinds  to  individuals, 
the  planting  of  demonstration  plots  in 
municipalities  for  educational  purposes, 
and  the  looking  after  of  county  forests 
and  private  woods. 

On  Tuesday  morning  the  meeting 
opened  in  Massey  Hall  with  the  presi¬ 
dent,  W..  H.  Porter  of  London,  in  the 
chair.  In  the  president’s  address  he  re¬ 
ferred  to  the  changes  which  have  taken 
place  in  agriculture  since  the  Union 
was  first  formed  47  years  ago.  Now 
farms  are  conducted  in  a  business-like 
manner  and  farm  practices  are  carried 
on  efficiently.  Mr.  Porter  stated  that 
never  was  there  a  time  when  the  Ex¬ 
perimental  Union  could  be  of  greater 
service  than  at  present. 

Dr.  C.  A.  Zavitz  gave  a  very  inter¬ 
esting  account  of  the  forty-three  dis¬ 
tinct  co-operative  experiments  carried 
on  during  the  past  year.  He  stated  dur¬ 
ing  his  report  that  decreasing  acre- 
yields  of  farm  crops  frequently  occur  in 
a  comparatively  new  country.  In  spite 
of  this?  however,  the  principal  farm 
crops  of  Ontario  have  given  even  higher 
acre-yields  in  the  last  two  decades  than 
they  did  in  the  20  years  previous.  These 
increases  are  known  to  be  due  largely  to 
the  new  and  better  varieties  introduced 
through  the  Ontario  Agricultural  Col¬ 
lege  and  Experimental  Union.  The 
market  value  of  the  increases  in  acre- 
yields  of  three  crops  alone  would 
amount  to  many  times  the  entire  cost  of 
both  the  College  and  the  Union  for  the 
past  half-century. 

In  his  address  on  “Road  to  Good 
Crops,”  Prof.  Salter  again  spoke  on  the 
advisability  of  using  high  grade  fertiliz¬ 
ers  and  proved  that  the  best  fertilizer 
was  considerably  the  cheapest  as  per 
acre-yield.  The  fertilizer  problem  is 


260 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


much  more  important  in  Ohio  than  here 
in  Ontario.  This  is  due  to  the  fact  that 
the  Ohio  soil  has  been  farmed  longer 
and  there  is  less  live  stock  kept.  With 
proper  liming  and  no  fertilizing,  he 
stated,  one  could  go  on  growing  corn, 
clover  and  oats  in  rotation  indefinitely 
with  average  results.  ‘‘I  think  the  Ohio 
farmers  realize  that  even  with  over¬ 
production  it  is  the  man  with  the  highest 
yield  per  acre  that  makes  the  most 
money,’  he  said.  “A  25-bushel  crop  of 
wheat,  for  instance,  is  ten  times  as  prof¬ 
itable  as  a  17-bushel  per  acre  one.” 

Prof.  A.  Leitch  in  his  discussion  on 
Prof.  Salter’s  address,  The  Farmer’s 
Problems  and  Their  Solution,  said, 
‘‘When  the  farmer  gets  into  financial 
difficulties  first  of  all  if  he,  as  an  in¬ 
dividual,  is  to  find  a  solution,  he  learns 
to  farm  better,  produce  more  from  his 
present  expenditure  on  the  same  amount 
of  produce  at  less  cash  expenditure;  he 
voluntarily  accepts  a  lower  standard  of 
living;  he  adopts  some  other  means  of 
livelihood  for  the  moment,  or  learns  to 
cut  out  some  of  the  waste  of  market¬ 
ing;  in  factt  learns  how  to  market  bet¬ 
ter.  This  job  he  learns  himself  or  in 
co-operation  with  others.” 

‘‘It  was  impossible,”  the  speaker  con¬ 
tinued,  ‘‘for  the  whole  condition  of  ag¬ 
riculture  to  be  remedied  at  once,  but 
there  was  a  solution  to  the  difficulty 
so  far  as  the  individual  farmer  was 
concerned,  one  that  he  could  put  into 
effect  himself.  He  must  seek  to  grow 
better  crops,  and  devise  better  methods 
of  handling  his  crops  and  live  stock. 
His  only  salvation  is  in  himself ;  he 
must  develop  and  learn  how  to  farm  bet¬ 
ter,  so  that  when  times  improve  he  is 
ready  to  take  advantage  of  his  op¬ 
portunities.” 

In  his  address  on  “Co-operative  For¬ 
estry  in  Ontario,”  E.  J.  Zavitz,  Provin¬ 
cial  Forester,  showed  that  reforestation 


on  the  poorer  soils  of  Ontario  is  pro- 
p;ressing  rapidly.  The  first  nursery  es¬ 
tablished  was  at  the  O.A.C.  in  1905,  but 
was  moved  to  St.  Williams  in  1908,  and 
at  present  occupies  2,000  acres.  In  1922 
two  other  nurseries  were  establish¬ 
ed,  which  occupy  1150  acres.  On  these 
three  nurseries,  trees  are  grown  from 
seed.  In  addition  - -to  these  there  are 
also  three  small  transplant  nurseries, 
to  which  seedling  stock  is  transferred 
for  local  distribution.  The  number  of 
people  receiving  trees  in  1925  was 
2,800.  There  was  also  a  system  of 
demonstration  plots  inaugurated  in  1921, 
and  up  to  the  present  time  there  have 
been  38  such  plots  established.  There 
are  also  four  county  forests,  each  con¬ 
sisting  of  1,000  acres,  which  are  located 
in  Durham  and  Northumberland,  Sim- 
coe,  York  and  Ontario. 

The  department  also  gives  technical 
advice,  and  supplies  planting  material  at 
the  regular  cost  to  private  individuals 
who  wish  to  reforest  a  large  block  of 
land,  or  who  wish  to  have  their  wooded 
areas  managed  scientifically.  Two  for¬ 
ests  of  this  kind  have  been  established 
comprising  2,200  acres. 

Prof.  II.  H.  Dean  gave  an  interesting 
address  on  “Some  Recent  Investigations 
in  Dairying.”  He  said  there  were  two 
classes  of  dairymen  interested  in  these 
investigations,  the  dairy  farmer  and  the 
manufacturer  of  dairy  products.  In 
milk  production  cleanliness  is  of  first 
importance.  At  the  college,  sediment 
tests  are  made  of  each  patron’s  milk 
two  or  three  times  monthly.  The  cotton 
discs  showing  the  sediment  are  sent  to 
the  patrons  with  their  cheques.  When 
the  test  is  termed  ‘dirty”  five  cents  per 
100  pounds  milk  delivered  during  the 
month  is  deducted,  and  this  results  in 
cleaner  milk. 

Investigations  have  been  carried  out 
concerning  sweet  clover  and  it  has  been 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


261 


found  that  sweet  clover  pasture  does  not 
injure  milk  for  direct  consumption,  nor 
for  the  manufacture  of  milk  and  cheese. 
Sweet  clover  silage  does  not  produce  an 
objectionable  flavor  on  milk,  cream  or 
butter. 

Prof.  Dean  then  spoke  on  the  advant¬ 
ages  of  pasteurizing  milk  for  consump¬ 
tion.  Pasteurized  milk  will  keep  sweet 
longer  than  raw  milk,  and  is  safer  to 
use.  Of  course  when  heated  too  high, 
there  will  not  be  such  a  good  cream  line 
and  customers  will  complain. 

In  the  cheese  trade  New  Zealand  is 
now  a  serious  competitor  with  Canada 
on  the  British  market.  The  milking 
machine,  the  highly  specialized  co-op¬ 
erative  factories  for  the  making  of 
cheese  and  butter,  the  grading  of  their 
products  before  selling,  and  the  use  of 
pasteurized  milk  for  cheese-making  are 
four  outstanding  developments  in  New 
Zealand.  Prof.  Dean  also  strongly  ad¬ 
vocated  the  manufacture  of  more  small 
cheese,  running  from  one  pound  to  ten. 
These  cost  about  three  to  five  cents  more 
per  pound  than  the  larger  sizes,  but  the 
customers  are  anxious  to  get  them  at 
the  higher  price. 

Professor  E.  E.  Millen,  in  his  address, 
referred  to  the  big  advance  in  the  bee¬ 
keeping  industry  in  the  last  ten  or  fif¬ 
teen  years.  There  is,  however,  one  seri¬ 
ous  disease  to  contend  with,  namely, 
foul  brood.  The  Government  is  spend¬ 
ing  money  in  an  effort  to  control  it  and 
tests  have  been  made  at  the  college,  but 
up  to  the  present  no  satisfactory  reme¬ 
dy  has  been  found.  Prof.  Millen  ad¬ 
vised  very  rigorous  methods  in  its  treat¬ 
ment,  and  stated  that  whenever  Ameri¬ 
can  foul  brood  was  found  it  should  be 
destroyed  by  burning. 

Prof.  Wade  Toole  gave  a  practical 
demonstration  on  the  difference  between 
hogs  of  bacon  and  lard  type,  having 
before  the  audience  a  skeleton  of  each 


type.  The  bacon  type  skeleton  had  15 
ribs,  while  the  lard  type  had  only  14. 
In  a  lot  of  90  hogs,  most  of  which 
graded  select,  five  had  14  pairs  of  ribs, 
sixty  had  15  pairs,  twenty-four  had  16 
pairs  and  one  had  16  on  one  side  and  17 
on  the  other.  This  result  was  quite  in¬ 
teresting. 

There  is  also  an  extensive  experiment 
in  progress  to  compare  feeding  qualities 
of  pure-bred  and  cross-bred  pigs,  using 
pure-bred  Yorkshires,  Berkshires  and 
Tamworths  and  crosses  of  the  same. 
Many  believe  that  cross-bred  pigs  are 
better  feeders  than  pure-breds. 

In  connection  with  baby  beef  some 
breeders  prefer  to  feed  their  stock  on 
skim  milk.  Of  course  it  is  impossible 
to  make  as  good  beef  from  skim  milk 
as  from  whole  milk.  An  experiment 
was  conducted  at  the  college  with  four 
grade  Shorthorns,  which  were  fed  on 
skim  milk  after  the  first  three  weeks. 
They  were  marketed  when  twelve 
months  old,  and  averaged  800  pounds 
each  in  weight.  They  graded  choice 
handyweight  cattle  and  were  very  choice 
baby  beef  in  carcass.  They  made  a 
profit  of  $34.85  over  all  costs,  including 
initial  cost  of  calves.  Of  course  good 
beef  type  calves  would  be  necessary  to 
start  with,  and  great  care  in  feeding  is 
essential. ' 

Mr.  S.  Waterman,  in  reporting  on 
some  ‘‘Co-operative  Experiments  in  Ag¬ 
ricultural  Chemistry,”  confined  his  re¬ 
marks  largely  to  potatoes.  He  stated 
that  the  application  of  commercial  fer¬ 
tilizer  increases  the  profit  of  the  owner, 
if  judgment  is  used  in  the  kind  and 
amount  of  the  fertilizer  applied.  The  high¬ 
est  and  most  consistent  yields  have  been 
obtained  where  a  complete  fertilizer  is 
used,  such  as  a  3-10-3  or  4-6-6  applied 
at  the  rate  of  800  pounds  per  acre. 
Where  sweet  clover  or  alfalfa  has  been 
plowed  down  a  few  weeks,  or  better 


262 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


still,  the  fall  before  potato  planting,  the 
nitrogen  can  be  left  out  of  the  mix¬ 
ture  and  a  0-12-4  or  0-10-6  applied. 
Which  is  the  better  of  these  two  must 
be  determined  by  the  farmer  himself  by 
testing  out  on  his  own  soil.. 

‘‘The  loss  caused  by  the  presence  of 
weeds  on  a  farm  is  not  generally  recog¬ 
nized,”  stated  Prof.  J.  E.  Howitt,  in  his 
report  on  Co-operative  Experiments  in 
Weed  Eradication.  In  a  field  of  oats 
heavily  infested  with  ragweed  an  in¬ 
teresting  experiment  was  carried  out. 
Three  plots  were  taken,  one  sprayed 
with  a  10  per  cent,  solution  of  iron  sul¬ 
phate,  the  second  with  a  20  per  cent,  so¬ 
lution  and  the  third  left  for  a  check. 
The  yields  were  20,  15  and  4  bushels 
per  acre  respectively.  There  were  eleven 
successful  reports  and  five  partially  suc¬ 
cessful  out  of  seventeen  experiments 
which  used  rape  to  control  perennial 
sow  thistle.  Fourteen  out  of  nineteen 
tests  were  completely  successful  when 
using  rape  against  twitch,  while  the  cul¬ 
tivation  method  employed  against  twitch, 
bladder  campion,  and  ox-eye  daisy  had 
given  very  fair  success.  In  all  cases 
these  experiments  were  conducted  by 
farmers,  members  of  the  Experimental 
Union,  on  their  own  farms. 


The  Editor  of  the  Review. 

Dear  Sir, — We  should  like  to  bring 
before  you  a  problem,  near  to  the  heart 
of  many  a  Mac  Hall  maiden :  ‘‘Of  what 
are  the  men  afraid?”  What  has  be¬ 
come  of  our  little  playmates  of  yester¬ 
day?  Surely  anyone  who  could  brave¬ 
ly  face  a  coy  marcelled  cow,  or  brillian- 
tined  pig  need  have  no  fear  of  feminine 
wiles. 

Are  they  afraid  that  if  they  show  any 


The  financial  statement  for  the  past 
year,  as  presented  by  the  treasurer^  Mr. 
A.  W.  Mason,  showed  the  Union  to  be 
in  a  flourishing  condition.  There  are 
289  members.  Receipts  for  the  year 
were  $3,948.81,  and  expenditures  $3,- 
137.91,  leaving  ,a  credit  balance  of 
$810.90. 

The  officers  elected  for  the  ensuing 
year  are  as  follows : 

President — E.  E.  Webster,  Creemore. 

Vice-President — C.  E.  Jarvis,  Grims- 
by. 

Secretary — Dr.  C.  A.  Zavitz,  O.A.C. 

Assistant  Secretary  —  Prof.  W.  J. 
Squirrel,  O.A.C. 

Treasurer — A.  W.  Mason,  O.A.C. 

Directors — Pres.  J.  B.  Reynolds,  O. 
A.C.;  W.  H.  Porter  London;  F.  Goble, 
Woodstock;  J.  Steckle,  Kitchener;  and 
L.  C.  Young  (student).  O.A.C. 

Auditors — R.  C.  Moffat  and  A.  M. 
Porter. 

The  report  on  co-operative-  experi 
ments  in  Field  Husbandry  for  1925,  in¬ 
cluding  tests  of  grain  crops,  roots,  fod¬ 
der  crops,  potatoes,  hay  crops,  etc.,  by 
the  secretary,  Dr.  C.  A.  Zavitz,  will  be 
gone  into  thoroughly  in  the  March  is¬ 
sue. 


interest  they  may  be  taken  seriously  ? 
Do  they  feaf  that  they  may  be  led  on 
to  the  point  of  proposal,  only  to  be  re¬ 
pulsed,  or,  should  I  say,  accepted?  In 
fact,  so  on  their  guard  are  they,  that  on 
receiving  a  casual  salutation,  they  act  as 
though  they  thought  ‘‘good  morning” 
was  a  weather  report 

Though  Mac  Hall  may  have  been 
spoken  of  as  a  matrimonial  bureau, 
many  of  us  have  careers  in  view,  and 
matrimony  is  not  our  only  objective. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


263 


As  yet  there  is  only  one  case  of 
measles  in  our  midst.  Why  quarantine 
us  before  it  is  necessary? 

Yours  for  a  brighter  future, 

MINERVA 
(Who  was  she?) 

January  19,  1926. 


Macdonald  Hall^ 
January  20th,  1926 
Dear  Editor, — The  problem  may  at  first 
seem  to  be  one  of  interior  decoration, 
but  when  the  Macdonald  Hall  common 
room  was  first  designed,  I  believe  that 
ample  decoration  was  provided  for  the 
side  walls,  so  why  the  array  of  mascu¬ 
line  beauty  seen  lined  up  against  the 
fumed  oak  panels  of  the  room,  not  to 
mention  the  sentinels  standing  on  guard 
at  the  posts.  Some  of  these  young  men 
might  almost  be  called  the  pillars  of  the 
place,  so  fixed  are  their  positions  in  the 
centre  of  the  room,  as  they  survey,  with 
superior  aloofness,  the  throng  strug¬ 
gling  for  the  survival  of  the  fittest. 
Meanwhile  the  girls  occupy  gallery 
seats,  namely  the  staircase. 


Is  not  dancing  the  chief  object  of 
coming  ?  Why  stand  and  look  as  though 
you  had  lost  your  last  companion  if 
someone  else  is  dancing  with  your  par¬ 
ticular  inamourata.  Your  gloomy  face 
is  anything  but  decorative. 

Of  course  there  may  be  reasons.  Per¬ 
haps  some  of  you  cannot  dance.  How¬ 
ever  we  feel  sure  that  the  Faculty  could 
arrange  a  series  of  dancing  lessons  in 
your  residence  in  order  to  eliminate  the 
embarrassment  which  would  be  caused 
by  trampling  upon  the  dainty  wisps  of 
femininity  found  in  Mac  Hall. 

If  there  are  some  who  take  pleasure 
in  observation  alone,  we  might  arrange 
to  have  a  row  of  reserved  seats  in  some 
concealed  corner,  where  the  observers 
would  not  occupy  such  a  prominent  po¬ 
sition. 

Hoping  for  the  elimination  of  wall 
flowers,  the  growth  of  which  species  of 
plant,  as  hardy  perennials,  is  not  encour¬ 
aged  by  the  Hort.  Department. 

(Signed) 

TRAILING  ARRBUTUS. 


When  love  and  skill  work  together,  expect  a  masterpiece. — Charles 
Reade. 

Sleep,  riches  and  health  are  only  truly  enjoyed  after  they  have 
been  interrupted. — Richter. 

Before  philosophy  can  teach  by  experience,  the  philosophy  has  to 
be  in  readiness,  the  experience  must  be  gathered  and  intelligently  record¬ 
ed. — Carlyle. 

Music  was  a  thing  of  the  soul — a  rose-lipped  shell  that  murmured 
of  the  eternal  sea — a  strange  bird  singing  the  songs  of  another  shore. — 
J.  G.  Holland. 


-  264 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Kmigg 


L.  C.  YOUNG,  ’27,  Editor-in-Chief. 

H.  G.  TILLMAN,  ’28,  Associate  Editor. 


H.  A.  KNOX,  ’26,  Live  Stock. 

J  E.  WHITMORE,  ’26,  Agronomy. 
W.  C.  LISHER,  ’26,  Horticulture. 
WT.  A.  GARLAND,  ’28,  Poultry. 

C.  G.  L.  REID,  ’26,  Dairy. 

G.  S.  WALLEY,  ’26,  Apiculture. 

G.  MACKINNEY,  ’26,  Science. 


A.  H.  'STEVENS,  ’27,  College  Life. 

D.  A.  ANDREW,  ’27,  Alumni. 

G.  B.  HOOD,  B.S.A.,  Alumni. 

Corresponding  Editor, 

E.  G.  WRIGHT,  ’28,  Athletics. 

A.  A.  KINGS  COTE,  O.V.C.,  Art. 

R.  W.  THOMPSON,  ’27,  Locals. 


As  was  intimated  in  last  month’s 
issue,  the  Inter-Class  Literary  Com¬ 
petition  has  been  started.  The  writer 
was  one  of  those  chosen  to  gather  ma¬ 
terial  from  the  highways  and  by-ways 
to  fill  certain  specified  sections.  He 
contemplated  with  dread  twenty  full 
pages  or  more  which  precede  the 
Editorial  section,  but  his  fears  were 
groundless.  The  stimulus  which  has 
been  given  to  the  class  is  really  amaz¬ 
ing.  With  no  trouble  at  all,  we  feel 
quite  capable  of  editing  a  literary  sup¬ 
plement  which  would  rival  a  Detroit 
paper’s  best  weekly  supplement,  not 
only  in  the  calibre  of  very  excellent 
"short”  stories  and  narratives  which 
vie  with  the  True  Story  magazine,  but 
also  with  Locals  which  will  certainly 
post  you  with  the  latest  scandal.  Con¬ 
tributions  flow  in  from  Norway,  Texas, 
Scapa  Flow,  and  but  for  a  flaw  in  our 


crystal,  we  are  convinced  we  should 
have  had  a  message  from  Mars.  Un¬ 
fortunately,  our  cartoonist  could  not 
stand  the  strain  of  twenty-four  pages 
of  comic  strips,  so  we  regret  having 
to  concede  this  point  to  Chicago. 

We  are  forcibly  reminded  at  this 
juncture  of  Pooh  Bah  in  the  "Mikado” 
who  made  the  most  of  his  one  chance 
at  grand  opera.  We  cling  fondly  like¬ 
wise  to  our  one  and  only  chance  at 
guiding  the  Editorial  pen,  but  unlike 
that  worthy  (and  also  celery)  we  shall 
endeavour  not  to  repeat  ourselves. 

We  have  a  vague  idea  that  an  editor¬ 
ial  should  be  a  beacon  light  to  ex¬ 
press,  impress  or  suppress  comments  on 
the  affairs  of  the  day,  so  here  goes. 
Particularly  should  we  recognize  the 
excellence  of  the  College  Royal.  The 
exhibits  of  all  departments  were  worthy 
of  many  a  bigger  show.  It  goes  to 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


265 


prove  that  Guelph,  the  seat  of  agri¬ 
cultural  science  on  this  continent, 
should  be  the  logical  place  for  a  first- 
class  Winter  Pair.  We  have  no  hesita¬ 
tion  in  declaring  that  the  show  was 
■an  unqualified  success.  We  are  the 
proud  possessors  of  a  Basketball  team 
that  have  proved,  in  a  series  of  exhibi¬ 
tion  games,  that  they  are  a  force  to  be 
reckoned  with  in  O.B.A.  and  Inter¬ 
mediate  Intercollegiate  circles,  also  of  a 
good  hockey  team. 

Mixed  tables  is  our  last  excuse  for 

The  P. 

There  is  now  a  new  society  in  our 
midst,  the  P.P.P.,  or  for  those  of  a 
mathematical  turn  of  mind,  P3  for 
brevity.  It’s  abode  is  naturally  the 
tower.  We  say  “naturally”  advised¬ 
ly,  for  Tower  is  a  remarkable  word  in 
the  English  language.  It  conjures  up 
visions  of  our  childhood,  when  we 
dreamed  of  bold  knight  errants  res¬ 
cuing  damsels  in  distress;  of  sleeping 
Beauties  and  Fairy  Princes.  We  think 
of  Blondel  visiting  tower  after  tower 
with  his  harp,  in  search  of  his  be¬ 
loved  master,  Richard  the  Lion-Heart¬ 
ed.  We  even  think  of  the  Tower  of 
Babel,  the  Eiffel  Towesr,  the  Tower  of 
London.  But  who  would  ever  have 
imagined  that  we  have  in  our  midst,  in 
the  Twentieth  Century,  persons  lang¬ 
uishing  in  durance  vile  in  our  own  O. 


writing  a  few  more  words.  They  have 
been  officially  squashed.  Whether  the 
Students’  Council  could  not  have  com¬ 
promised,  as  Premier  Ferguson  did 
with  the  4.4  is  an  upen  question.  So 
our  worthy  President  of  the  Council 
is  alternately  hailed  as  a  deliverer,  and 
execrated  as  a  Mussolini;  our  own  priv¬ 
ate  surmise  being  that  he  was  one  of 
the  Gallant  Thirty-Eight.  No  further 
excuse  presenting  itself  for  prolonging 
the  agony,  we  gracefully  fade  away. 
Valete ! 

—  ’26 

P.  P.* 

A.  C.  Tower?  What  about  the  have-his- 
carcase  (Habeas  Corpus)  Act? 

That,  however,  is  the  least  of  our 
worries.  The  gentlemen  concerned  were 
inveterate  fussers.  Now  we  are  quite 
willing  for  Blondel  to  tour  the  country 
with  his  harp,  but  we  hope  that  no 
distracted  damsel  will  roam  ’round  the 
campus  with  a  saxophone  or  “uke”  to 
find  her  beloved  swain.  In  the  first 
place,  the  creepers  on  the  Tower  are 
not  so  tenacious  as  ivy,  and  secondly, 
now  that  everyone  is  shingled,  goldi¬ 
locks  cannot  supply  a  rope  of  any  great 
length.  Thirdly,  the  weather  is  such 
that  it  is  not  conducive  to  these  af¬ 
fairs.  So  we  sincerely  hope  that  the 
ladies  will  consider  our  timely  warn¬ 
ing  and  that  the  last  of  our  childhood 
illusions  will  not  be  shattered. 

(# — Not  affiliated  with  the  K.K.K) 

—  ’26 


Sleep  versus  Residence  Noises 

Walter  C.  Fisher,  ’26. 

“Laugh  and  the  world  laughs  with  hills  in  the  narrow  highway  of  life, 
you,  ”  in  indeed  a  worthy  motto,  and  has  We  are  taught  to  respect  the  judg- 
shed  more  than  one  ray  of  sunshine  ment  and  wisdom  of  our  revered  pre- 
on  the  otherwise  clouded,  torturous  decessors,  whose  sagacity  far  outdis- 


266 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


tances  any  of  our  feeble  efforts  to 
solve  the  intricacies  of  life’s  prob¬ 
lems.  But  the  long- whiskered  philos¬ 
opher  whose  fertile  grey-matter  alight¬ 
ed  on  the  above  receipt  for  an  effectual 
gloom-dispenser  had  never  tried  to 
sleep  in  a  College  residence,  about 
12.30  at  night,  and  been  brought  wide 
awake  out  of  the  first  doze,  by  the 
booming  reverberations  of  hectic  hilar¬ 
ity  emanating  from  the  direction  of 
the  wash-room. 

Those  of  us  who  require  from  seven 
to  eight  hours  sleep,  out  of  every 
twenty-four,  and  most  normal  humans 
do,  cannot  dig  up  any  desire  to  ac¬ 
company  anyone  in  laughter,  when  we 
are  wooing  the  gentle  lady  sleep,  and 
are  rudely  interrupted  by  someone, 
who  evidently  desires  to  set  an  admir¬ 
able  example  to  humanity  by  giving 
vent  to  pent-up  emotions  arising  from 
an  enlargement  of  the  humorous  bump. 

At  a  dance,  the  oily  flow  of  music 
from  a  saxophone,  the  insane,  laugh¬ 
ing  squeal  of  a  cornet  and  the  seductive 
twang  of  a  banjo  are  the  essential 
elements  of  a  peppy  orchestra ;  but  in 
the  residence,  between  midnight  and 
dawn,  all  their  sweetness  turns  to  the 
bitterest  gall,  and  their  seduction  to 
repulsive  abhorence,  when  all  but  the 
would-be  entertainers  are  trying  to 
sleep. 

Professors  and  lecturers  spend  count¬ 
less  hours  preparing  lectures,  which 


are  to  give  us  glimpses  of  the  wond¬ 
erland  of  scientific  agriculture  in  all 
its  complexities.  And  the  majority  of 
us  yawn,  blink  owlishly,  and  finally 
give  up  in  despair  and  go  to  sleep, 
while  a-  wonderful  vocal  panorama  is 
passing  unheeded  before  our  unseeing 
eyes  and  functionless  brains. 

Why  this  unseemly  lack  of  interest 
and  intelligence?  Possibly  it  might  be 
explained,  to  a  large  degree,  if  experi¬ 
ments  were  carried  out  scientifically  to 
determine  the  relative  soothing,  and 
sleep-provoking  powers  of  the  average 
vocal  and  instrumental  demonstrations 
held  in  the  residence  any  night,  and 
the  well-modulated  voice  of  any  of 
our  professors.  Allowing  a  wide  marg¬ 
in  for  experimental  error,  it  would  be 
safe  to  predict  that  the  latter  treat¬ 
ment  would  give  outstandingly  more 
effective  results. 

Residence  noises,  after  11  o’clock  at 
night,  ought  to  be  considered  dire 
sacrilege.  They  are  the  phantoms  who 
steal  our  time,  sap  our  energy  through 
glutinous  consumption  of  our  sleeping 
hours,  and  bolt  the  doors  <of  our 
knowledge  chests  when  opportunity 
knocks  while  we  are  in  the  classroom. 
Let  us  rid  ourselves  of  these  heathen¬ 
ish  wasters  and  thieves,  and  revel  in 
the  pest-free  area  of  unselfish  and 
strict  adherence  to  reasonable  resi- 
ence  regulations. 


A  day’s  work  is  a  day’s  work,  neither  more  or  less,  and  the  man  who 
does  it  needs  a  day’s  sustenance,  a  night’s  repose,  and  due  leisure,  whether 
he  be  painter  or  ploughman. — Bernard  Shaw. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


267 


The  College  Royal 


The  second  “College  Royal”  was 
held  on  Friday  afternoon,  January  15 
in  the  judging  pavilion  and  gymnas¬ 
ium.  To  say  it  was  a  success  is 
putting  it  mildly.  With  last  year’s 
experience  as  a  background,  every 
part  of  the  show  was  greatly  improved. 

The  live  stock  show  organized  by 
the  Animal  Husbandry  Club  was 
probably  the  most  important,  the  most 
popular  and  the  most  instructive 
branch  of  the  show.  Nearly  two 
weeks  before  the  day  of  the  show, 
students  drew  for  animals  in  the 
class  of  stock  in  which  they  were  inter¬ 
ested.  The  animal  thus  drawn,  be  it  in 
good  condition  or  not,  was  then  fitted, 
prepared  and  exhibited  by  the  man  who 
drew  it.  The  keen  interest  displayed 
and  the  excellence  of  the  results  prov¬ 
ed  the  popularity  and  instructive  val¬ 
ue  of  this  part  of  the  Royal. 

The  animals  were  judged  entirely  on 
two  points- the  manner  in  which  they 
were  fitted,  and  the  manner  in  which 
they  were  handled  in  the  ring.  This  last 
was  important,  as  it  meant  that  the 
exhibitors. had  to  be  on  the  alert  all 
the  time.  The  judges  were :  R.  W. 
Wade,  R.  T.  Amos  and  W.  R.  Reek. 
Prof.  Toole  acted  as  announcer. 

In  order  to  lighten  somewhat  the 
task  of  the  judges,  as  compared  with 
last  year,  more  classes  were  shown. 
There  was  also  a  class  of  bulls,  in 


which  some  of  the  College  herd  sires 
were  shown  by  members  of  the  Stock 
Judging  Team. 

Especial  mention  should  be  made  of 
the  smooth  and  efficient  manner  in 
which  the  show  was  conducted.  There 
was  no  delay  between  classes;  each 
followed  immediately  on  the  heels  of 
the  other.  This  showed  splendid  or¬ 
ganization  and  good  work  on  the 
part  of  the  exhibitors  themselves.  Dur¬ 
ing  two  intervals,  Harry  Hayes,  the 
College  cowboy,  entertained  the  large 
crowd  with  roping  displays.  The  ease 
and  skill  with  which  he  handled  his 
blacksnake  and  lariat  called  forth 
much  applause.  The  College  orchestra 
also  contributed  to  the  pleasure  of  the 
afternoon  by  playing  selections  while 
the  classes  were  being  changed: 

The  Winners 

Holsteins — 1.  W.  Davidson,  ’27 ;  2, 
J.  Shearer,  ’28;  3,  A.  Ernslie,  ’28;  4, 
A.  Carter, ’’28;  5,  W.  Way,  ’29.  . 

Herefords — 1,  II.  Watson,  ’29;  2,  A. 
MacGregor,  ’29 ;  3,  J.  Cavers,  ’29 ;  4.  H. 
McDonald,  O.V.C. 

Sheep' — 1,  F.  Lashley,  ’27 ;  2,  C.  Cope¬ 
land,  ’27 ;  3,  F.  Dench,  ’28 ;  4,  J.  Mc- 
Tavish,  ’29;  5,  N.  Clark,  ’27. 

Clydesdales — 1,  Curry,  O.V.C. ;  2,  R. 
Turner,  ’27;  3,  W.  Wallace,  ’29;  4,  R. 
Armstrong,  ’29. 

Ayrshires — W.  M.  Hart,  ’27  ;  2,  A.  Rin- 


268 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


toul,  ’26 ;  3.  A.  Runions,  ’27 ;  4,  L. 

Hietanen,  ’27 ;  6,  A.  Banks,  ’26. 

Angus — 1,  W.  Gordon,  ’29  *  2,  F. 

Stewart,  ’26 ;  3,  R.  Thomas,  ’27 ;  4.  W. 
Merry,  ’28 ;  5,  A.  Stevens,  ’27. 

Swine — 1,  G.  McGague,  ’28;  2,  W. 
Lawrence,  ’29 ;  3,  W.  Heming,  ’29 ;  4, 
W.  Sheppard,  ’29;  5,  Thibeault,  O.V.C. 

Jerseys — 1,  D.  Penney,  ’28;  2,  C. 
Christie,  ’28;  3,  E.  Mackey,  ’29;  4,  R. 
Banbury,  ’28;  5,  H.  Ford,  ’29. 

Shorthorns — 1,  N.  Harrison,  ’27 ;  2, 

G.  M.  Hart,  ’27 ;  3,  H.  Hannam,  ’26 ;  4, 
E.  Davis,  ’29;  5,  T.  Clark,  ’27.  . 

Bulls — 4,J.  Simpson,  ’26,  Jersey;  2, 

H.  Knox,  ’26,  Holstein;  3,  J.  McEwan, 
’26,  Angus ;  4,  G.  Cruikshank,  ’26,  Here¬ 
ford;  5,  A.  McGugan,  ’26,  Shorthorn. 

Champion  of  the  Dairy  group — W, 
Davidson,  ’27. 

Champion  of  the  Beef  group-N.  Har¬ 
rison,  ’27. 

Champion  of  the  Horse  group — Cur¬ 
ry,  O.V.C. 

The  Grand  Champion  of  the  show 
was  J.  Simpson,  ’26,  showing  the  Jer¬ 
sey  bull. 

The  College  gymnasium  was  devoted 
to  many  and  varied  exhibits  of  the  dif¬ 
ferent  College  clubs.  Five  club  prizes 
were  awarded  for  the  best  five  collec¬ 
tive  exhibits  in  the  following  order : 

I.  Horticultural  Club ;  2,  Dairy  Club ; 
3,  Animal  Husbandry  Club;  4,  Art 
Club ;  5,  Poultry  Club. 

Besides  putting  on  the  live  stock 
show,  the  Animal  Husbandry  Club  had 
an  exhibit  in  the  Gym.  which  won 
third  place  in  the  club  competition. 
Here  were  shown  the  trophies  won  by 
College  Stock  Judging  Teams,  pictures 
of  some  famous  prize-winning  animals, 
and  a  display  of  different  cuts  of  beef, 
kindly  loaned  by  Mr.  E.  Hales. 

The  main  feature  of  the  Agronomy 
Club  exhibit  consisted  of  the  various 
forms  of  alfalfa.  The  fine  bales  of  well- 


cured'  hay  augured  well  for  the  pos¬ 
sibility  of  solving  the  farmers’  feed 
problems.  It  is  also  evident  that  the 
highest  grade  seed  can  be  produced 
in  Ontario,  as  was  shown  by  the  excel¬ 
lent  samples  of  Ontario  Variegated  Al¬ 
falfa  seed.  Another  feature  of  this  ex¬ 
hibit  was  the  home-grown  Soy  beans 
This  is  a  comparatively  new  crop  in 
Ontario,  but  is  one  which  will  prove  of 
great  value  to  the  farmer  and  stock- 
man.  These  two  features  alone  made 
the  exhibit  worth  visiting. 

The  competitive  exhibits  were  more 
numerous  than  last  year  and  showed  in¬ 
creasing  interest  on  the  part  of  the 
student  body.  The  championship  in 
the  root  and  potato  section  was  award¬ 
ed  to  an  outstanding  sample  of 
Irish  Cobbler  potatoes.  Small  grains 
were  well  represented;  the  wheat  and 
barley  showing  careful  selection,  but  in 
the  oat  section,  there  was  room  for  im¬ 
provement. 

The  Winners 

Oats— 1,  F.  .Dench,  ’28 ;  2,  IT.  ;S.  Mac¬ 
Leod,  ’26;  3,  G.  M.  Hart,  ’27. 

Barley — 1,  J.  Whitmore,  ’26;  2,  A. 
B.  Banks,  ’26 ;  3,  H.  S.  MacLeod,  ’26. 

Wheat — 1,  H.  S.  MacLeod,  ’26;  2,  G. 
M.  Hart,  ’27 ;  3,  H.  James,  ’27. 

Champion  of  Grain  section — H.  S. 
MacLeod. 

Turnips — 1,  N.  Harrison,  ’27;  2.  G. 
M.  Hart,  ’27. 

Mangels— 1,  L.  A.  Hietanen,  ’27;  2, 
W.  M.  Hart,  ’27 ;  3,  N.  I.  Clark,  ’27. 

Irish  Cobbler  Potatoes — 1,  H.  S.  Mac¬ 
Leod,  ’26 ;  2,  W.  A.  Garland,  ’28 ;  3,  A. 
H.  Kennedy,  ’26. 

Green  Mountain  Potatoes — 1,  W.  A. 
Garland,  ’28;  2,  H.  S.  MacLeod,  ’26;  3, 
Miss  H.  Williams,  ’27. 

Champion  Roots  and  Tubers — H.  S. 
MacLeod,  ’26. 

Grand  Champion-H.  S.  MacLeod,  ’26. 


I 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


269 


The  Third  and  Fourth  Year  Horti¬ 
culture  classes  put  up  the  exhibit  that 
was  awarded  first  prize  in  the  club 
competition.  The  exhibit  was  in  three 
sections.  On  the  left  was  the  flori¬ 
culture  section,  showing  a  bank  of 
ferns  and  foliage  plants  side  by  side 
with  an  artistically  arranged  table  of 
flowering  plants  and  vases  of  cut  flow¬ 
ers.  The  vases  of  cut  flowers  were  in¬ 
tended  to  show  the  proper  arrangement 
of  cut  flowers  in  relation  to  the  setting 
and  the  vase.  In  the  centre  was  the 
vegetable  section,  consisting  of  a  slope 
with  perfect  specimens  of  the  smaller 
vegetables  at  the  bottom  leading  up  to 
the  larger  ones  at  the  top.  The  whole 
was  placed  on  a  mat  of  green  parsley 
and  lettuce  leaves;  and  the  contrast  be¬ 
tween  the  different  colored  vegetables 
and  the  green  background  could  not 
help  but  be  pleasing  to  the  eye.  The 
pomologists  put  on  the  display  of  fruit 
on  the  right.  A  design  of  yellow  ap¬ 
ples  with  the  letters  0.  A.  C.  brought 
out  with  red  apples  was  the  leading 
feature.  In  front  of  this  design  was 
placed  a  row  of  glass  stands  contain¬ 
ing  a  few  perfect  specimens  of  a  num¬ 
ber  of  well-known  varieties.  On  the 
whole,  the  boys  deserve  credit  for  the 
general  attractiveness  and  harmony  of 
the  whole  display. 

The  Dairy  Club  exhibit  was  also  very 
good,  winning  second  prize.  Cans  and 
bottles  of  milk  occupied  the  centre  of 
the  table,  with  cheese,  condensed  pro¬ 
ducts,  and  some  of  the  methods  used  to 
insure  high  quality  dairy  products 
on  the  right.  On  the  left  were  arrang¬ 
ed  the  butter  and  ice  cream  exhibits. 

The  cheese  exhibit  is  worthy  of  spec¬ 
ial  mention;  two  large  cheeses  as  a 
base,  with  the  smaller  sizes  of  cheddar 
and  various  forms  of  soft  cheeses  ar¬ 
rayed  on  top  and  grouped  around  the 
larger  ones.  The  ice  cream  creations — 


a  three  layer  cake  and  fancy  bricks  and 
moulds — caused  favorable  comments. 
That  the  ice  cream  did  not  melt  was  a 
surprise  to  most  people,  as  it  looked 
like  the  real  article.  Ice  cream  was 
being  dispensed  at  the  “filling  sta¬ 
tion;”  so  interested  spectators  were 
directed  toward  the  edible  kind.  The 
butter  and  dairy  products  were  also 
well  placed.  In  the  display  of  some  of 
the  important  dairy  products  an  at¬ 
tempt  was  made  to  show  how  milk  is 
used.  There  was  also  a  competition  in 
butter  making,  judged  on  workmanship 
and  finish,  with  the  following  results: 

14-lb  box — 1,  F.  Lewis,  ’26 ;  2,  E. 
Morton,  ’26 ;  3,  G.  Whiteside,  ’27. 

1-lb.  prints — 1,  F.  Lewis,  ’26 ;  2,  G. 
Whiteside,  ’27 ;  3,  E.  Morton,  ’26. 

A  new  exhibit  was  introduced  this 
year  when  the  members  of  the  Art 
Club  displayed  a  collection  of  numer¬ 
ous  paintings,  drawings  and  photo¬ 
graphs.  The  majority  of  these  were  the 
work  of  students.  Professor  Jones 
kindly  undertook  the  judging  of  the 
pictures,  which,  considering  the  large 
number  of  entries  in  most  classes,,  was 
no  easy  task.  The  following  is  the  list 
of  those  who  were  awarded  ribbons : 

Oil  Paintings — 1,  W.  D.  Tolton,  ’27 ; 
2,  S.  Walley,  ’26;  3,  A.  H.  Kennedy, 
’26. 

Water  Colors — 1,  V.  Elton,  ’26 ;  2,  V. 
Elton,  ’26 ;  3,  Mabel  Clapp,  Mac.  Hall. 

Photographs — 1  and  2,  I.  E.  Thomas, 
’29  ;  3,  E.  T.  Goring,  ’27. 

Pencil  Sketches — 1,  W.  D.  Tolton, 
’27 ;  2,  A.  MacGregor,  ’29 ;  3,  W.  A. 
Garland,  ’28. 

Miscellaneous — 1,  A.  H.  Kennedy, 
’26 ;  2,  A.  Jamieson,  ’28;  3,  A.  A.  Kings- 
cote,  0.  V.  C. 

The  champions  in  this  competition 
were,  W.  D.  Tolton,  in  “Oils”,  and  V. 
T.  Elton,  in  “Water  Colors”. 

Considering  the  difficulty  of  making 


270 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


an  artistic  display  of  a  poultry  exhibit, 
the  Poultry  Club  put  on  an  excellent 
exhibit.  One  feature  was  the  display 
of  feeds  used  at  the  O.A.C.  The  differ- 
et  grades  of  eggs  shown  brought  out 
the  marked  difference  between  grades. 
The  striking  difference  between  the 
new  and  old  method  of  killing  and 
plucking  was  clearly  shown;  the  bird 
that  had  been  knifed  and  dry  plucked 
looked  very  attractive;  while  the  bird 
with  its  neck  broken  and  scalded  for 
plucking  was  in  no  comparison  with 
it.  Perhaps  the  most  attractive  and 
educational  part  of  the  display  were 
the  representatives  of  the  various 
breeds  of  poultry  kept  at  the  O.A.C. 


Two  competitions  were  held;  the 
members  of  the  Club  fitted  birds  to 
show  in  the  exhibition  class,  in  such  a 
way  that  the  birds  in  their  snowy- 
white  condition  added  much  to  the  ex¬ 
hibit;  and  the  other  class  was  a  selec¬ 
tion  of  utility  birds  by  members  of  the 
Club. 

The  Winners 

Exhibition  Class — 1,  R.  Graham,  ’29; 
2,  W.  Garland,  ’28;  3,  J.  E.  Ridley, 
’27;  4,  E.  Paige,  ’29;  5,  J.  Macll- 
wraith,  ’29. 

Utility  Class— 1,  L.  Berk,  ’29;  2,  B. 
Mabee,  ’29 ;  3,  J.  Mcllwraith,  ’29 ;  4,  W. 
Dempsey,  ’29 ;  5,  F.  Dench,  ’28. 


The  Fourth  Year  Sleighing  Party 


At  a  time  when  our  boxers  and  wrest¬ 
lers  and  many  Mac.  Hall  girls  are 

/ 

trying  to  reduce,  a  few  words  on  Re¬ 
duction  would  be  exceedingly  apropos. 
The  strongest  reducing  agent  we  have 
yet  encountered  was  the  Fourth  Year 
Sleighing  Party  on  Tuesday,  January 
12.  We  learn  from  the  Chemistry  De¬ 
partment  that  reduction  means  the  re¬ 
moval  of  oxygen.  We  were  able  to 
verify  this  fact  when  half  a  dozen 
people  sat  on  us  to  expel  the  oxygen 
from  our  lungs  and  we  were  reduced  to 
a  sorry  plight.  Many  calories  were 


lost,  but,  fortunately,  they  turned  up 
again  in  the  most  excellent  cocoa  serv¬ 
ed  at  the  cafeteria.  It  was  a  beautiful, 
clear,  starlit  night,  but  after  the  first 
few  hundred  yards  we  did  not  have 
time  to  appreciate  the  beauties  of  the 
night — please,  gentle  reader,  do  not 
accuse  us  of  a  second  and  uncalled-for 
meaning — owing  to  an  intimate  ac¬ 
quaintance  with  large  quantities  of 
snow.  Like  many  other  of  our  social 
functions,  the  memory  of  this  party 
will  stand  out  a  landmark,  in  years  to 
come,  of  our  good  old  'College  Days. 


The  Short  Course  Reception 


As  a  fitting  conclusion  to  the  College 
Royal,  a  reception  to  the  Short  Course 
students  of  Macdonald  Institute  and 
the  0.  A.  C.  was  held  in  Macdonald 
Hall.  The  object  iof  the  party  was  to 
enable  the  students  of  the  Short 
Courses  to  become  acquainted  with 
each  other,  the  College  officials  and 
students  on  both  sides  of  the  campus. 
Dancing  began  at  8  o’clock  and  regular 
students  soon  swelled  the  numbers.  Tag 


dances  were  in  vogue,  which  greatly 
helped  to  enliven  proceedings  and 
make  the  evening  a  success.  In  spite 
cf  the  crowded  condition  of  the  floor, 
everyone  spent  an  enjoyable  three 
hours.  Those  who  did  not  wish  to 
dance  took  full  advantage  of  the  card 
tables  provided;  and  at  11  p.m.  the 
National  Anthem  br  jught  the  party  all 
too  quickly  to  a  close. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


271 


HOOKEY  NEWS 

This  year  the  'College  is  to  have  two 
teams  fighting  for  the  leadership  of 
their  respective  groups,  the  first  team 
being  entered  in  Intermediate  Intercol¬ 
legiate,  and  the  second  team  in  the  In¬ 
terfaculty  series. 

Competition  for  positions  on  both 
teams  has  been  keen.  There  is  both  a 
quantity  and  quality  of  material  turn¬ 
ing  out  and  the  task  of  picking  the 
•  earns  will  be  a  hard  one  for  Manager 
Art.  Donald. 

The  schedules  for  the  season  have 
been  drawn  up  and  are  as  follows : 

Intermediate  Intercollegiate 

Jan.  26 — McMaster  at  Western. 

Jan.  29 — 0.  A.  C.  at  McMaster. 

Feb.  3 — Western  at  0.  A.  C. 

Feb.  9 — 0.  A.  C.  at  Western.  . 

Feb.  12 — Western  at  McMaster. 

Feb.  17 — McMaster  at  0.  A.  C. 

Interfaculty  Series 

Jan.  14 — 0.  A.  C.  at  Victoria. 

Jan.  18 — Trinity  at  Victoria. 

Jan.  22 — Victoria  at  0.  A.  C. 

Jan.  26 — 0.  A.  C.  at  Trinity . 

Jan.  29 — Trinity  at  0.  A.  C. 

The  first  game  of  the  season  in 
which  0.  A.  C.  Seconds  met  Victoria 
College,  ended  with  “Vie”  on  the  big 
end  of  a  4 — 0  score.  The  game  was 
played  on  “Little  Vic”  rink  in  a  bliz¬ 
zard  of  snow,  which  handicapped  both 
teams  and  slowed  up  the  game  con¬ 
siderably.  There  was  no  brilliant  dis¬ 


play  good  hockey  by  either  team.  The 
college  men  played  good  combination 
and  checking,  and  with  a  little  more 
practice  in  shooting  should  reverse  the 
score  when  they  play  the  return  game 
here  on  the  18th. 

“Stew”  Mitchell,  the  stellar  defense 
man  of  last  year’s  team,  who  met  with 
an  accident  to  his  nose  the  day  before 
the  game  in  practice,  collided  with  one 
of  the  “Vic”  men  and  sustained  in¬ 
juries  which  will  keep  him  out  for  some 
fime. 

The  team  lined  up  as  follows — Cen¬ 
tre,  Ed.  Hall;  wings,  A.  B.  Medd, 
“Pat”  Carlson;  Defense,  Mitchell  and 
Richardson;  Goal,  L.  Baker;  subs., 
Dempsey  and  Sykes. 

The  Intercollegiate  team  plays  their 
first  game  on  the  29th  against  Mc¬ 
Master,  and  although  injuries  have 
been  far  too  numerous,  a  strong 
team  will  be  chosen  from  the 
following :  Goal,  Hamilton ;  de¬ 

fense,  Roxburgh,  Wilson,  Richardson 
and  Hall;  forwards,  Medd,  Townsend, 
Seollie,  Aikens. 


BASKETBALL 

The  College  Basketball  team  have 
been  going  great  guns  in  their  exhibi¬ 
tion  games  held  to  date,  winning  all 
but  one,  and  seem  to  be  strong  conten¬ 
ders  for  another  championship.  Due 
to  lack  .of  funds  in  the  treasury  of  the 
Athletic  Association,  the  team  is  not 
entered  in  the  preliminaries  of  the 


272 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


0.  B.  A.  series  this  year,  but  have  ob¬ 
tained  a  bye,  and  will  figure  in  the 
semi-finals. 

To  Prof.  Baker  much  of  the  credit 
is  due  fcr  giving  the  college  a  team 
of  which  it  is  justly  proud.  He  has 
g'ven  a  great  deal  nf  his  time  in  coach- 
mg  the  team  and  has  produced  a  team 
which  wib  be  well  supported  through¬ 
out  the  season. 

The  first  exhibition  game,  held  after 
Christmas,  was  played  against  Broad¬ 
view  “Y”  in  Toronto.  So  far  this  is 
the  only  game  which  the  College  has 
lost,  the  score  being  32-13. 

On  January  13th  the  return  game 
with  Broadview  was  played  in  the 
College  Gym.  This  was  one  of  the 
fastest  and  most  exciting  games  wit¬ 
nessed  at  the  college  for  some  time,  0 
A.  C.  finally  winning  by  a  score  of  26- 
20.  As  Broadview  had  previously 
taken  a  fall  out  of  West  End  Y  of 
Toronto,  who  were  Senior  O.B.A.  cham¬ 
pions  last  year,  the  stock  of  the  college 
team  took  a  great  boost  and  the  college 
students  feel  justly  proud  of  them.  We 
hope  that  there  will  be  more  such 
games  during  the  season. 

The  last  exhibition  game  was  played 
at  the  college  on  January  16th,  when 
our  boys  trimmed  the  C.  N.  R.  Moguls 
of  Stratford,  to  the  tune  of  33-16.  This 
game  did  not  prove  as  exciting  as  the 
previous  one,  but  it  gave  the  0.  A.  C. 
team  a  chance  to  perfect  their  combin¬ 
ation  and  give  their  substitutes  a 
chance  to  work  with  the  other  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  team.  The  team  lines  up 
as  follows:  Forwards,  Schenck  (cap¬ 
tain),  and  Ridley;  centre,  “Shorty” 
McEwan;  guards,  Thompson  and  Ken¬ 
drick;  subs.,  Potter  and  Young. 

On  looking  over  the  score  book  it  is 
interesting  to  note  how  remarkablv 
few  fouls  have  been  committed  by  the 
college  team,  compared  to  the  number 


chalked  up  against  their  opponents. 
This  shows  that  the  boys  are  playing 
basketball  all  the  time  and  winning 
games  as  they  should  be  won,  and  not 
resorting  to  “dirty  work”  in  order  to 
come  out  on  top. 

We  are  all  looking  forward  to  a 
successful  season  and  are  sure  that 
the  team  will  do  their  best  to  “bring 
home  the  bacon.” 


BOXING  AND  WRESTLING 

The  boxers  and  wrestlers  are  shaping 
up  well  for  the  meets  which  are  to  be 
held  this  season.  On  Saturday,  Jan. 
23rd,  U.  of  T.  sends  up  a  team  to  meet 
0.  A.  C.  in  an  exhibition  tournament, 
and  on  the  3rd  and  4th  of  February 
the  college  will  send  a  team  to  Toronto 
for  the  Interfaculty  Assault-at-Arms. 

The  Inter-year  meet  was  held  on 
Monday,  Jan.  18th,  and  the  team  to 
meet  Toronto  will  be  chosen  from  the 
winners.  “Seth”  Marston,  who  is 
coaching  the  wrestlers,  was  referee  for 
the  mat  bouts,  and  Prof.  Unwin,  who 
has  given  much  of  his  time  to  the 
boxers,  was  the  third  man  in  the  ring. 
The  judges  of  boxing  were  Profs.  How- 
itt  and  Squirrel,  and  Dr.  Percy  Wythe, 
of  Hamilton. 

Year  ’26  won  the  meet  with  47  points, 
’28  following  with  35,  and  ’27  and  ’29 
with  12  and  9  respectively.  This  is  the 
fourth  year  in  which  year  ’26  has  won 
the  meet,  a  very  creditable  record. 

The  results  were: 

Wrestling 

112  lbs. — Kobayaski,  ’29,  beat  Wal- 
ley,  ’26. 

U8  lbs.— Medd,  ’26,  beat  McCon¬ 
nell,  ’28. 

Robinson,  ’28,  beat  Hil- 

liary,  ’28. 

Medd  defaulted  to  Robin¬ 
son. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


273 


125  lbs. — W.  Hart,  ’27,  beat  Warren, 
’29. 

W.  Hart  beat  Runions,  ’27 
135  lbs. — Young,  ’26,  beat  McAr¬ 
thur,  ’26. 

Le  Maistre,  ’26,  beat  Young. 
145  lbs, — Lewis,  ’26,  beat  Lynsky, 
’28. 


Lewis  beat  G.  Hart,  ’27 
158  lbs. — tSilcox,  ’27,  beat  Banks, 

’26. 


Don  Stewart,  ’29,  beat  Put¬ 
nam,  ’27. 

B.  Stewart,  ’26,  beat  Sil- 

cox. 

B.  Stewart  beat  lD.  Stew¬ 


art. 

175  lbs. — Peel,  ’28,  beat  Pugh,  26. 
Peel  beat  Charlton,  28. 
Heavy — Tolton,  ’27,  by  default. 


/ 


Boxing 

118  lbs. — Hilliary,  ’28,  by  default. 

125  lbs. — Thicke,  ’28,  beat  James, 
’27. 

Jamieson,  ’28,  beat  TVoke. 
135  lbs. — Griffiths,  ’29,  by  default. 

145  lbs. — Gamble  28,  beat  Shearer. 
’28 

Hunter,  ’28,  by  default. 
Gamble,  ’28,  beat  Hunter. 

158  lbs. — Millet*,  2C,  beat  Haye-  ’28. 

Simpson,  ’26,  beat  Richard¬ 
son,  ’26. 

/Simpson  beat  Banks,  26. 
Miller  beat  Simpson. 

175  lbs. — Pugh,  ’26,  beat  Twiss,  ’28. 
Heavy — Wharry,  ’26,  beat  Merry, 


The  improvement  of  the  understanding  is  for  two  ends:  First,  for 
our  own  increase  of  knowledge;  secondly,  to  enable  us  to  deliver  and 
make  out  that  knowledge  to  others. — Locks. 


Remember  this,  that  very  little  is  needed  to  make  a  happy  life. — 
Marcus  Aurelius. 


274 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Music  in 

Where  is  it? 

Returning  to  Mac.  Hall  as  an  under¬ 
graduate,  there  are  a  few  very  notice¬ 
able  changes  in  the  usual  college  life. 
One  of  these  is  the  surprising  dearth  of 
college  songs. 

We  have  several  “uke”  artists,  who 
strum  out  the  latest  jazz  in  a  most  sat¬ 
isfying  manner  and  we  are  proud  of 
them,  but  we  do  need  to  ‘‘dig  up”  a 
few  of  the  “Take  me  back  to  College,” 
variety  or  they  will  be  lost  forever. 


Mac  Hall 

There  may  be  one  or  two  friendly  pat¬ 
riarchs  still  on  the  campus,  who  could 
search  their  profound  memories  and 
recall  the  days  of  the  Sod  Busters7 
specialty,  “I  love  that  dear  old  Home  of 
mine.” 

Let’s  get  busy,  girls,  and  collect  a 
few  of  these,  so  that  we  can  take  them 
with  us,  when  we  leave  “good  old  Mac. 
Hall,”  and  give  those,  who  come  after 
us  a  good  chance  to  enjoy  them,  too. 

M.  E 


A  Day  in  Canterbury 


England  is  so  full  of  picturesque  and 
historic  places  that  the  sojourner  there 
must  carefully  consider,  which  of  these 
places  he  can  visit  to  his  best  advant¬ 
age.  There  is  a  quaint  little  city  in 
Kent  County,  which  should  not  be 
overlooked,  and  where  a  most  delight¬ 
ful  day  may  be  spent.  Who  has  studied 
English  History  and  not  heard  of 
Canterbury?  Several  years  ago,  al¬ 
though  war-time,  I  spent  one  of  the 
most  interesting  and  memorial  days, 
visiting  the  many  points  of  interest  in 
this  old  city. 

It  was  a  beautiful  Spring  morning. 

We  left  Folkestone,  where  we  were 

living,  on  an  early  morning  train,  so 

that  we  could  have  the  whole  dav  for 

«/ 

sight-seeing.  Arriving  at  Canterbury, 


we  set  out  on  foot,  in  order  not  To 
miss  anything  of  interest. 

The  first  place  of  importance  we 
reached  was  St.  Dunstan’s  Church. 
Here  it  was  that  King  Henry  II.,  on  his 
memorable  pilgrimage  to  Canterbury, 
put  off  his  shoes  and  donned  sack¬ 
cloth  to  walk,  “barefooted  and  weep¬ 
ing,”  to  the  shrine  of  Becket.  In  the 
family  vault,  lies  the  head  of  Sir  Thom¬ 
as  More,  who  was  beheaded  on  Tower 
Hill  for  his  opposition  to  King  Henry 
VIII. 

When  one  makes  a  visit  to  Canter¬ 
bury,  naturally,  the  place  of  greatest 
importance  is  the  Cathedral,  and  it 
was  in  this  direction  we  now 
turned  our  steps.  Apart  from  its 
unique  architectural  interest,  the  prem- 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


275 


ier  cathedral  of  England,  in  its  close 
connection  with  the  great  secular 
events  of  our  natural  history,  stands 
unrivalled.  This  lofty,  many  towered 
edifice  was  certainly  a  sight  which 
made  Canadians  stand  amazed,  because 
there  is  nothing  which  can  compare 
with  it  on  this  side  of  the  water.  For 
more  than  thirteen  centuries  this  has 
been  -he  head  of  the  Church  of  Eng¬ 
land,  the  present  Archbishop  being 
the  lineal  and  legitimate  successor  of 
St.  Augustine,  the  first  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury.  .  $  < . 

On  entering,  we  found  that  we  were 
just  in  time  for  the  10  A.  M.  Matins. 
This  service,  held  in  the  choir,  was 
conduced  by  six  canons  and  was  fully 
choral,  the  choirs  being  composed  en¬ 
tirely  of  men  and  boys.  After  the 
service,  we  secured  a  guide  and  began 
our  explorations.  One  of  the  firsi 
places  we  visited  was  the  magnificent 
shrine  pf  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury, 
eommoulv  known  as  Thomas  a’  Becket 
This  sluine  commemorates  that  terrible 
tragedy  which  took  place  December 
29th,  1 170,  when  the  Archbishop  was 
cruelly  murdered  within  the  sacred 
precincts  of  his  own  Cathedral.  Here, 
on  the  marble  floor,  is  a  small  white 
block  about  six  inches  square,  which 
the  guide  tells  you  is  the  exact  spot 
where  Becket  fell.  The  Shrine  is  in 
Trinity  Chapel,  which  was  built  by 
King  Henry  III.  in  1220.  The  Chapel 
also  contains  some  very  beautiful 
stained  glass  windows  of  that  century. 
The  tombs  of  Edward,  the  Black 
Prince,  and  the  Archbishop ’s  chair 
were  both  covered  with  sandbags  be¬ 
cause  of  the  air  raids,  so  I  only  saw 
pTtnres  of  them. 

There  were  man}^  other  tombs  and 
tablets,  all  of  which  called  forth  a 
story  from  the  guide.  'On  a  window¬ 
sill  was  a  chained  Bible,  which  used 


to  be  chained  to  the  Lectern,  wihen 
Bibles  were  scarce  and  liable  to  be 
stolen. 

We  now  went  down  into  the  Crypt, 
which  is  the  largest  and  most  beautiful 
in  England.  Here,  the  stone  pillars 
were  beautifully  carved  in  the  most 
difficult  and  intricate  designs,  the 
monks  having  done  all  this  work  by 
hand,  and  many  a  one  was  left  un¬ 
finished.  We  next  passed  out  into 
the  Cloisters,  which  were  rebuilt  in 
the  14th  Century.  The  latter  were 
much  like  a  verandah  with  a  grass 
plot  in  the  centre,  where  the  monks 
used  to  do  their  work.  Around  the 
wall  was  a  stone  seat,  which  had  little 
holes  worn  here  and  there ;  these 
were  made  by  the  monks  playing 
marbles,  at  least,  that  is  what  the 
guide  tells  you.  There  were  many 
other  places  we  visited  such  as  the 
Ancient  Baptistry  and  the  Norman 
Staircase.  The  latter  is  recognized  as 
one  of  the  most  perfect  gems  of 
Norman  architecture. 

It  was  now  about  noon,  so  we  de¬ 
cided  we  must  turn  out  steps  toward 
a  hotel.  We  left  the  Cathedral  and 
walked  up  High  Street,  soon  coming 
to  the  County  Hotel,  where  we  had 
lurch eon. 

We  left  the  hotel  early  in  the 
afternoon  to  go  and  see  St.  Martin’s 
church,  which  is  claimed  to  be  the 
oldest  church  in  England.  We  entered 
a  quaint  old  lych-gate  and  walked  up  to 
the  little  grey  stone  church,  with  its 
square  Roman  tower.  This  historic 
church  was  the  scene  of  St.  August¬ 
ine  ’s  preaching  and  the  baptism  of 
Ethelbert,  King  of  Kent.  Perhaps  the 
most  interesting  feature  of  St.  Martin’s 
is  its  famous  barrel-shaped  font,  with 
three  separate  bands  of  decoration.  At 
the  base  is  a  pattern  of  scroll  work, 
then  a  band  of  entwined  circles,  and 


276 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


a  border  of  intersecting  arches.  It  is 
probable  that  this  was  shattered  when 
the  heathen  Danes  sacked  the  city  and 
was  carved  in  order  to  conceal  the 
damage. 

From  here  we  went  to  Westgate,  twn 
grey  s'1  one  lowers  with  a  gate  between 
them.  At  the  right  hand  is  a  door, 
which  we  entered,  and  went  np  a 
winding  staircase.  There  were  a 
couple  of  rooms  up  here  full  of  old 
guns,  pistols  and  flintlocks,  also  several 


life-size  figures  of  mediaeval  knights 
and  barons,  and  a  fine  collection  of 
okl  armour  and  helmets. 

Alas  !  It  was  train  time,  and  our 
delightful  day  must  come  to  an  end. 
Although  we  may  never  have  the  op¬ 
portunity  of  seeing  this  beautiful  Eng¬ 
lish  city  again,  I  am  sure  the  day 
spent  there  will  live  in  eur  memories 
for  all  the  years  to  come. 

A.  A.  M.  P. 


Theodore  Agamemnon 


Through  the  kindness  of  her  heart, 
one  of  our  fair  freshettes  found  her 
way  mto  the  centre  of  the  metropolis 
of  Toronto,  to  buy — what  do  vo  i  sup¬ 
pose? —  a  little  white  mouse  This 
mouse  was  to  take  the  place  of  one, 
which,  to  use  the  common  expression — 
had  gone  before. 

On  the  journey  to  Guelph  the  mouse 
passed  through  a  soul-stirring  cere¬ 
mony  with  great  solemnity  and  emerg¬ 
ed — christened  Theodore  Agamemnon. 

He  seemed  quite  pleased  with  Mac¬ 
donald  Hall  and  with  the  flattering  at¬ 
tentions  paid  him  by  the  beauty-loving 
Macites.  His  youthful  owner  intended 
to  guard  him  faithfully  throughout 
the  evening  and  far  into  the  night, 

but,  the  clarion  call  of  “Miss - 

Tele-phone  !  ”  echoed  and  re-echoed 
through  the  corridors.  The  freshette, 
being  human,  went  to  the  theatre,  in 
high  spirits. 

Alas !  On  her  return  she  was  both 
shocked  and  hurt  to  find  that  Theodore 
Agamemnon  had  deserted  her.  Rush¬ 
ing  frantically  up  and  '  down  the 
halls,  enquiring  for  the  lost  one,  she 
was  met  by  such  answers  as  these, 
“Did  I  see  your  mouse?  I  met  him  on 
the  stairs  and  immediately  went  the 


other  way,”  or,  “I  met  him  in  the  hall 
and  beat  it  out  of  sight.” 

After  a  diligent  search,  lasting  far 
into  the  night,  our  heroine  returned, 
foot-sore  and  weary,  to  her  now  lonely 
and  deserted  abode,  to  sleep  the  sleep 
of  exhaustion. 

Not  so  the  girls  on  the  second  floor! 
About  five  o’clock  the  next  morning, 
Lizzie  was  awakened  to  find  some¬ 
thing  sofe  and  warm,  against  her 
cheek.  Rubbing  her  hand  lingeringly 
over  the  profile  she  came  to  the  sudden 
realization  that  it  was  no  profile,  but 
something  furry  and  wriggly.  A 
scream !  The  lights  flashed  on.  There 
on  the  pillow  where  her  head  had  been 
lay  Theodore,  now  wide  awake,  tense, 
expecting  something. 

It  came — in  the  form  of  a  broom.  The 

\ 

door  was  opened.  He  saw  his  opport¬ 
unity  to  escape  and  grasped  it.  In  a 
minute  there  was  a  procession  running 
down  the  corridor,  lead  by  a  little 
white  mouse,  followed  closely  by  a 
broom,  a  figure  in  a  pink  dressing 
gown  and  lastly  the  motley  crew. 

The  little  individual  was  making 
good  his  escape  when  he  found  that  the 
lane  had  no  turning.  He  dashed  into 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


277 


a  corner.  Bamm !  went  the  broom. 
All  was  over. 

The  next  morning  the  fair  fresh ette 
heard  of  the  sad  end  and  tenderly 
gathering  up  the  remains  carried  the 
still,  lifeless  form  to  her  room  and  im¬ 
mediately  began  the  funeral  arrange¬ 
ments. 

At  the  fashionable  hour  in  the 
afternoon,  a  sorrowful  procession  left 
the  room  led  by  our  heroine  carrying 
a  most  luxurious  match  box,  bound  by 
a  beautiful  elastic  band,  the  latter  a 
small  token  of  love  and  esteem  from 
fellow  admirers  of  the  departed  one. 

A  Sojourn 

Slowly  the  tall  clock  ticked  nff  the 
minutes  of  the  silent  evening  of  St. 
Valentine’s.  The  fire  glowed  goldenly 
and  crackled  merrily,  casting  about  the 
room  dark  friendly  shadows,  which 
moved  softly  and  silently  like  presid¬ 
ing  geni  of  fairies,  pixies  and  dreams. 
Above  the  mantel  was  a  picture  of 
“Cupid  Asleep.” 

I  lay  on  a  Chesterfield  gazing  into  the 
red  heart  oi;  the  fire.  The  dreamy 
shadows  drew  closer.  I  raised  my  eyes 
to  the  Cupid  above  the  mantel  and 
drifted  away  into  a  land  of  dreams. 
Watching  the  picture,  I  saw  Cupid 
awake,  take  up  his  bow  and  arrows 
and  step  out  of  the  picture.  He  stood 
poised  on  the  mantel  and  beckoned  to 
me.  I  took  his  hand  and  we  passed 
into  the  starshine  of  the  night. 

We  came  to  a  grey,  rocky  country, 
filled  with  many  caves,  fitted  with  the 
rudest  of  necessities.  We  saw  ,a  stal¬ 
wart  figure  enter  a  cave,  a  large,  knot¬ 
ted  stick  in  his  hand,  to  emerge  drag¬ 
ging  the  figure  of  a  buxom  maid. 
“This  is  the  Beau  Bruinmel  of  the  Cave 
Man  Age,”  said  Cupid.  Only  a  brief 
glance  and  we  hurried  on  our  way. 


Each  person  singing  the  Dead  March, 
the  sad  procession  slowly  wended  its 
way  to  the  place  of  interment,  the  bag¬ 
gage  room.  Since  this  place  was  not 
open  in  the  afternoon,  the  funeral  was 
delayed,  but  just  long  enough  for  one 
devoted  follower  to  suggest  the  first 
floor  baggage  room.  The  procession 
proceeded  and  with  great  ceremony  the 
casket  was  given  up  to  the  shute,  and 
now  on  the  board  is  this  brief,  pathetic 
message:  “In  loving  memory  of  Theo¬ 
dore  Agamemnon,  and  beneath  this  an 
enlargement  of  his  delicately  rounded 
form. 

With  Cupid 

This  time  it  was  near  an  old,  ivy- 
grown  monastery.  The  moon  smiled 
benignly  and  a  Nightingale  sang  its 
throbbing  notes  in  the  soft  darkness  of 
the  sylvan  glades.  Standing  in  the 
moonlight  was  a  “ladye,  fair  and  state¬ 
ly.”  Kneeling  at  her  feet  was  a  gal¬ 
lant  knight,  the  silvery  light  glistening 
strangely  on  his  armour.  “The  knight¬ 
ly  lover  of  the  age  of  chiv¬ 
alry,”  Cupid  remarked. 

Soon  we  were  in  the  green  valleys  of 
Ireland.  There  we  entered  a  low 
thatched  cottage.  Within  we  saw  a 
sturdy  young  Irishman,  blue  and  merry 
of  eye,  humorous  of  mouth,  but  intent 
now.  He  was  wearing  a  shamrock  leaf 
over  his  heart  and  was  dropping  rowan 
berries  into  a  steaming  kettle,  mutter- 
a  mystic  charm  as  he  did  so.  Thus  he 
hope  to  enlist  the  sympathy  of  the 
fairies  to  help  him  win  the  love  of  his 
fair  one.  “The  loveable,  superstitious 
Irish  suitor,”  spoke  Cupid,  as  he 
smiled. 

Suddenly  the  haunting  fragrance  of 
orange  blossoms  filled  the  air  and  I 
found  myself  in  a  rose-embowered  gar¬ 
den,  filled  with  moonlight,  like  a  bowl 


278 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


of  molten  silver.  The  plaintive  strains 
of  a  guitar  floated  out  on  the  perfumed 
air  and  I  espied  a  Spaniard  playing 
and  gazing  wistfully  at  a  face  faintly 
outlined  in  the  window  above.  ‘‘The 
Spanish  Cavalier,”  said  Cupid. 

Next  there  came  to  view  a  large,  ma¬ 
jestic,  grey  building.  Mellow,  golden 
light  shone  from  its  windows  through 
warm,  green  trees.  A  young  gentle¬ 
man  left  the  portals  of  this  building  and 
we  followed  him  across  a  campus  to  a 
rambling,  red  brick  building  over  the 
way.  Entering,  he  whispered  shyly  to 
the  maid,  and  subsided  into  a  corner 
and  writhing  inwardly  at  the  ill-sup¬ 
pressed  giggles  from  the  region  of  “the 


well.  ’ ’  Shortly  a  winsome  lassie  came 
down  the  steps  and  his  eyes  lighted  as 
he  said,  “Gee,  kid,  you  look  great.” 
“As  they  passed  out  Cupid  remarked, 
“The  O.  A.  C.  Fusser,”  and  he  chuckled 
as  he  said  it. 

Slowly  the  old  clock  ticked  off  the 
minutes  of  St.  Valentine’s  Eve,  and 
I  was  lying  on  the  Chesterfield  before 
the  glowing  fire  but  with  the  happy 
consciousness,  that  on  this  night  of 
hearts,  I  had  journeyed  with  Cupid 
from  the  dim  ages  of  the  past  to  the 
glorious  present  and  had  witnessed  that 
world  old  story,  that  is  ever  new. 

E.  J.  P. 


The  Charleston 


Coming  back  from  the  far  North, 
where,  on  lonely  starlit  nights,  one 
yearns  for  a  dance  with  some  charm¬ 
ing  young  lady,  I  was  surprised  to  find 
that  my  steps  were  rather  ancient.  In 
fact,  the  most  charming  of  ladies  po- 
iltely  told  me  so. 

What  I  should  know  was  the  Char¬ 
leston.  Is  there  anyone  in  the  audi¬ 
ence  who  has  the  ability  and  willing¬ 
ness  to  teach  me? 

I  met  one  chap  who  knew.  He  gave 
me  a  most  interesting  lesson.  I  em¬ 
erged  a  dancer  of  the  Charleston. 

At  the  next  dance  I  proceeded  to  do 
a  glorification  of  the  old-fashioned  hip- 
poty  hop  and  was  taken  to  a  very 
secluded  corner — to  be  retaught.  This 
time,  because  my  teacher  was  a  young 
lady,  I  stepped  on  my  hind  feet  when 
I  should  have  been  balancing  on  my 
toes  and  vice  versa. 

That  night,  after  a  long  and  diligent 


practice  in  my  own  room,  punctuated 
by  shouts  of  fear  and  distress  below, 
I  succeeded  in  doing  a  dance,  the  exe¬ 
cution  of  which  made  me  look  like  a 
scare-crow  flapping  two  and  fro  in  the 
breezes. 

Alas,  men,  that  wasn’t  it !  I  thought 
the  Charleston  was  the  Charleston,  but 
don’t  let  these  fair  maids  deceive  you. 
The  Charleston  is  a  combination  of 
every  dance,  from  the  sun-dance  of 
the  Incas  to  the  modern  caterfly  hop 
and  butterpillar  glide.. 

I  am  distracted,  driven  mad  in  my 
quest  of  the  dance.  That  is  why  I  am 
returning  to  the  north,  a  heart-broken, 
disappointed  man.  I’ll  have  my  re¬ 
venge — when  I  come  again  I’ll  show 
you  the  Charleston  of  the  stars,  the 
breezes,  and  I’ll  teach  you  the  music 
of  the  stars.  The  slogan  shall  be, 
“Let’s  go  north — and  you  dancer  of 
the  Charleston,  you’ll  go,  leaving  me 
with  the  fair  ones. 


I 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


279 


Ski-ing 

By  an  Expert. 


I  do  not  hesitate  one  moment  to  say 
that  several  of  the  most  proficient  in 
the  popular  sport,  at  the  present  time 
are  living  within  the  boundaries  of  the 
O.  A.  C.  campus.  In  fact,  most  of  the 
eager-eyed  young  participants  are 
restlessly  dwelling  within  Macdon  ild 
Hall.  The  significance  of  this  fact 
alone  is  astounding!  In  the  years  to 
come  when  our  dietitians  have  lost 
their  identities  in  becoming  “Special 
Dietitians,”  their  famous  names  will 
still  he  respected  all  over  the  ski-ing 
world ! ! 

A  word  about  pronunciation,  though 
— never  speak  of  the  sport  as  “Skee- 
ing” — you  will  be  immediately  marked 
as  a  novice  and  shunned  by  those  who 
excel  in  the  sport — and  these  are  the 
people  one  is  advised  to  cultivate.  The 
word  is  of  Scandinavian  derivation  and 
upon  excellent  authority  we  are  able 
to  state  that  it  is  correctly  pronounced 
“She-ing.  ”  There  is  not,  however,  such 
a  word  of  a  corresponding  or  oppo¬ 
site  meaning  as  “he-ing.  ”  Many  peo¬ 
ple,  whose  knowledge  of  such  things  is 
somewhat  limited,  have  been  known  to 
dispute  this  point,  but  they  have  been 
misinformed. 

There  are  some  general  rules  which 
are  more  or  less  helpful  to  beginners 
and  which  I  will  give  for  the  edification 
of  those  few. 

The  first  rule  might  be  given  as — 
secure  a  pair  of  skis,  guaranteed  not 
to  split  or  crack  or  hold  any  excess 
ice  that  may  form  on  top  or  under¬ 
neath. 

Rule  two  is — Pick  out  the  steepest, 
longest  and  iciest  hill  in  the  district. 


It  is  important  to  follow  this  rule  very 
strictly,  because  once  the  beginning- 
skier  has  tried  this  a  few  times,  he  or 
she  is  ready  for  any  phase  of  the  whole 
sport.  Without  a  doubt  in  the  world, 
our  Freshman  (so  to  speak),  will  stand 
erect  for  but  a  short  distance  down 
the  slippery  hill  and,  in  the  easiest 
manner  possible,  will  find  that  one  ski 
has  wound  itself  all  around  the  other 
one  until  both  rise  somewhat  quickly 
and  simultaneously  into  the  air.  That 
well-known  Force,  known  to  most  of 
us  as  Gravity,  has  become  twisted  and 
pulls  the  skier’s  feet  high  into  the  air, 
with  the  result  that  the  rest  of  the  body 
alternately  meets  the  ice  and  snow 
which  are  more  or  less  firmly  attached 
to  the  earth.  This  will  occur  a  short 
distance  down  the  hill,  and  with  what 
breath  and  courage  the  skier  can  mus¬ 
ter,  he  will  in  all  probability  endeavor 
to  make  the  rest  of  it  in  a  standing 
position,  with  both  skis  again  nearly 
parallel.  The  careful  person,  who 
neither  toes  in  nor  yet  toes  out,  will  in 
time  become  one  of  the  experts. 

Rule  three — Dispute  everyone’s  opin¬ 
ion  on  any  phase  of  the  sport  whatso¬ 
ever.  It  makes,  the  world  of  difference  in 
one’s  prestige  in  the  ski-ing  fraternity. 

Rule  four— Don’t  give  up  after  the 
preliminary  '625  falls — they  are  in¬ 
evitable  under  any  or  all  circum¬ 
stances. 

It  is  a  great  sport ;  and  with  the 
growing  number  of  enthusiasts  we  are 
fast  planning  a  splendid,  well-equipped 
club-house  which  will  be  for  the  use 
of  the  skiers  of  the  College. 

Everybody  ski-ing? 


280 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Music  Hath  Charms 


Pink-pank-a-pink-pank, — -“I  go  there 
too-oo-oo-oo !” 

Have  you  ever  heard  that  sound 
ringing  down  the  corridor?  Certainly 
you  have — and,  of  course,  you  recogniz¬ 
ed  it  at  once  as  that  joy,  and  at  the 
same  time  that  curse  of  residence  life — 
the  ukelele. 

But  though  the  uke  is  perhaps  the 
most  abused  musical  instrument  of  to¬ 
day,  having  to  a  great  extent  replaced 
the  mouth  organ,  did  you  ever  stop  to 
think  how  little  you  really  know  about 
it? 

Of  course,  you  are  all  familiar  with 
the  appearance  of  the  uke, — and  of 
course,  you  all  know  that  it  possesses 
four  strings,  each  of  which  is  guaran¬ 
teed  to  slip  back  as  quickly  as  it  is 
tuned  up.  These  four  strings,  by  the 
way,  are  tuned  to  four  harmoniously 
related  notes  on  the  piano,  such  as  R. 
S.  V.  P.,  or  P.  D.  G.  H.  By  keeping  in 
mind  some  catchy  little  refrain,  like 
fee-fi-fo-fum,  it  may  be  ascertained 
without  the  piano  whether  or  not  the 
uke  is  satisfactorily  out  of  tune.  The 
value  of  this  may  be  readily  realized, 
as  at  times  it  may  be  slightly  inconven¬ 
ient  to  carry  your  piano  with  you. 


The  uke  has  been  compared  to  the 
Italian  language.  It  is  said  that  in  a 
week  one  can  learn  enough  Italian  to 
be  able  to  converse  with  any  wop  who 
ever  wielded  a  pick-axe.  It  is  also 
said  that  in  a  week  one  can  learn  to 
wield  the  felt  pick  skilfully  enough  to 
,,vamp  an  accompaniment  to  any  piece 
of  music  that  has  ever  been  written. 
Those  who  do  not  learn  in  this  time, 
will  never  learn.  Unfortunately,  how¬ 
ever,  they  never  seem  to  realize  this 
fact  and  keep  trying. 

It  is  not  known,  at  least,  I  have  not 
yet  met  anyone  who  knows,  wrho  in¬ 
vented  the  uke,  or  when  it  was  first 
used.  It  is  said,  however,  and  prob¬ 
ably  correctly,  that  the  lines  which 
appear  in  Shakespeare’s  “Merchant  of 
Venice,”  “Trust  not  the  man  who  has 
not  music  in  him,”  or  something  like 
that,  appeared  in  a  previous  edition, 
all  copies  of  which  have  long  been 
lost,  as  “Trust  not  the  man  who  plays 
upon  the  uke.”  Prom  this  we  may 
conclude  that  the  uke  has  been  known 
for  over  three  hundred  years.  We  may 
also  gather  from  this  that  Bill  Shakes¬ 
peare’s  estimation  of  the  musical  tal- 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


283 


ents  of  one  who  played  the  nke  was 
not  very  high. 

Several  persons  have  been  accused  of 
inventing  the  uke.  It  has  now  been 
proved  almost  beyond  doubt,  however, 
that  Satan  himself  was  the  inventor, 
since  no  mere  man  could  possibly  con¬ 
ceive  anything  so  diabolical. 

The  story  of  why  the  uke  was  invent¬ 
ed  is  rather  interesting.  Orpheus,  you 
remember,  invented  the  lute,  and  play¬ 
ed  so  sweetly  upon  it  that  he  was  able 
to  entice  the  Shades  from  Hades,  thus 
causing  a  great  decrease  in  the  number 
of  Satan’s  subjects.  Something  had  to 
be  done,  and  we  find  that  Satan  invent¬ 
ed  the  uke  and  placed  it  in  the  hands 
of  certain  people  on  earth.  By  this  act 
many  people  were  driven  to  Hades,  and 
at  the  same  time  were  made  content 

V 


with  their  lot,  because  ukes  are  tabooed 
there. 

The  uke,  however,  has  its  virtues  as 
well  as  its  faults.  Have  you  ever  no¬ 
ticed  the  popularity  <of  the  uke  at 
those  evening  bun  feeds?  Just  start 
to  play  a  uke  and  immediately  everyone 
in  the  room  will  commence  to  fing, 
shout  or  laugh  uproariously,  to  drown 
the  sound  of  it.  The  success  of  a  party 
seems  to  depend  on  the  amount  of 
noise  made,  so  almost  invariably  you 
will  find  among  the  guests  at  least  one 
who  has  been  asked  to  bring  a  uke. 

Therefore,  if  for  no  other  reason  than 
for  its  service  to  the  host  or  hostess, 
let  us  not  condemn  the  uke,  but  rather 
let  us  raise  it  to  a  place  of  honor 
among  the  stringed  instruments  of  to¬ 
day.  F.  G.  P.,  ’26. 


Its  Not  Your  College--Its  You 


If  you  want  to  live  in  a  college 
Like  the  kind  you  would  like  to  find, 
You  needn’t  pack  up  and  start  on  a 
hike, 

For  what’s  ahead  is  worse  than  what’s 
behind, 

’Cause  there’s  nothing  better  for  you. 
Knocking  your  college  is  knocking 
yourself, 

It’s  not  your  college,  it’s  you. 

Colleges  aren’t  made  by  students  that 
grumble 

When  their  averages  are  low, 

When  students  work  and  do  not  shirk, 
Below  standard  never  will  show, 

So  work  for  your  good  old  college, 

All  of  you,  old  students  too, 

Then  your  college  will  be  as  you  wish 
to  see, 

It ’snot  your  college,  it’s  you. 


When  the  college  seems  in  depression 
And  you’re  feeling  mighty  blue. 

Don’t  start  and  knock  your  college, 
For  knocking  it,  is  knocking  you. 

The  college  is  just  what  you  make  it, 

So  give  it  the  best  that  you  have, 

For  when  you’re  progressing,  the  col¬ 
lege  progresses, 

It’s  not  your  college,  it’s  you. 


And  when  you  leave  the  college, 

Don’t  forget  that  it  still  exists,  • 

To  help  those  that  follow  after 
And  teach  them  what  is  best. 

So  go  forward  for  your  college, 

Do  for  it  all  you  may  do, 

In  helping  the  college  you  help  your¬ 
self. 

It’s  not  your  college,  it’s  you. 


282 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Valentines 


Valentines!  What  thoughts  crowd  our 
minds  at  the  mention  of  the  word ! 
Possibly  we  recall  the  days  of  our  ex¬ 
treme  youth,  when  we  spent  many 
hours  prior  to  February  fourteenth  con¬ 
structing  valentines  and  inventing 
pretty  verses  to  put  on  them;  when 
we  took  up  a  collection  from  the  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  family  in  order  that  we 
might  purchase  two  or  three  very 
pretty  five-cent  ones  for  those 
who  came  first  in  our  affection. 
We  .shall  say  that  it  was  for  this 
reason  that  “teacher”  was|  one  otf 
these  favored  few — and  the  excitement 
when  the  great  day  arrived.  How 
could  you  be  expected  to  keep  your 
minds  on  reading,  writing  and  Tith- 
matic  when  there  was  a  post  box  in 
the  corner  of  the  room  just  waiting  for 
the  eventful  moment  to  arrive,  when 
our  gallant  young  postman  would  be¬ 
gin  his  work.  It  usually  happened  that 
there  was  one  boy  or  girl  in  the  class, 
whom  each  one  was  sure  would  be 
forgotten  by  all,  and  as  a  result  he  or 
she  would  be  remembered  by  all,  and 
receive  valentines  ‘“en  masse.” 

Do  people  think  that  sending  valen 
tines  is  a  childish  and  silly  custom 
and  one  which  should  be  forgotten  as 
one  reaches  the  age  of  so-called  dis¬ 
cretion  ?  Banish  such  a  thought !  I 
cannot  imagine  anyone  of  the  fair  sex 
growing  too  old  to  appreciate  a  valen¬ 
tine.  I  am  not  speaking  of  the  ridicu¬ 
lous  kind,  because  they  are  sometimes 
beyond  our  appreciation,  but  the  pretty 
ornate  ones  that  open  up  and  disclose 
hearts  and  arrows  and  cupids.  These 
things  are  surely  worth  thinking  about 
-one  day  in  every  three  hundred  and 
sixty-five. 


Valentines,  too,  are  a  good  thing  for 
us.  They  reveal  just  what  other’s 
opinions  of  us  are,  for  great  care  is 
always  taken  in  making  sure  that  the 
one  selected  carries  the  desired  senti¬ 
ment,  and  is  entirely  suited  for  the  per¬ 
son  who  is  to  receive  it.  Let  me  give 
you  a  specific  example  of  what  I  mean. 
If  you  should  receive  a  valentine,  the 
verse  of  which  read,  “Won’t  you  come 
out  of  your  shell  and  be  my  valentine,” 
you  would  immediately  realize  what 
someone’s  opinion  of  you  was,  and  if 
someone  had  this  'opinion,  probably 
everyone  had  and  was  it  the  opinion 
they  should  have  and  do  you  want  them 
to  have  such  an  opinion,  etc.  It 
makes  us  analyze  ourselves  and 
discover  peculiar  characteristics  which 
we  did  not  know  we  possessed. 

Members  of  the  opposite  sex,  do  not 
think  that  girls  are  prone  to  laugh  and 
wish  that  the  day  of  valentines  were 
past.  I  firmly  believe  that  each  one 
of  us  experiences  one  of  the  so-called 
thrills  when,  on  the  fourteenth  of 
February  she  is  asked  “to  be  someone’s 
valentine.”  Little  does  it  matter 
whether  it  be  in  the  form  of  a  card,  a 
bunch  of  roses  or  a  heart-full  of  choco¬ 
lates,  so  long  as  the  sentiment  is  ex¬ 
pressed. 

I  regret  that  the  above  sounds  like 
an  appeal, v  whereas  I  intended  it  to  be 
a  simple  statement  of  facts.  One 
thought,  however,  I  wish  to  leave  with 
you,  noble  youths,  young  men,  middle- 
aged  or  old,  and  it  is  that  if  you  still 
get  pleasure  in  sending  “Your  Valen¬ 
tine”  a  valentine,  “Your  Valentine” 
still  gets  pleasure  in  receiving  it. 


L.  P. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


283 


Wedding  Announcements 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Peebles,  of  Ham¬ 
ilton,  announce  the  marriage  of  their 
youngest  daughter,  Grace,  to  Mr.  Er¬ 
nest  Watson,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs,.  F. 
W.  Watson,  of  Burlington,  on  Decem¬ 
ber  31st,  1925. 

On  January  the  eighth,  at  ithe  Par¬ 


Mr.  McLean — “Miss  Watts,  tell  us 
what  you  oan  remember  of  the  ro¬ 
mantic  period?” 

Why  did  Mary  blush  ? 


“Is  there  any  connecting  link  be¬ 
tween  -the  animal  and  vegetable  king¬ 
dom.” 

Yes,  college  hash.” 


Last  night  I  held  a  little  hand 
So  gentle  and  so  sweet! 

Me  thought  my  heart  would  burst  with 
joy, 

So  wildly  did  it  beat. 

No  other  hand  unto  my  soul 
Would  greater  solace  bring, 

Than  the  charming  one  I  held  last 

night, 

Four  aces  and  a  king ! 


She — “I  think  she  is  as  pretty  as  she 
can  be.” 

He — ‘  ‘  Most  girls  are,  nowadays.  ’ 

Home-maker — “Say,  freshie,  don’t  you 
know  who  I  am.” 

Freshette — “No,  don’t  you.” 


One  of  our  brilliant  first  year  men 
who  wanted  to  see  the  Dean,  but 
thought  he  might  be  busy,  spoke  to  a 
passing  senior  in  the  hall  and  said : 

“Do  you  think  the  bean  is  dizzy?” 


sonage  of  the  Congregational  Church, 
Guelph,  Miss  Dorothy  Sorenson  (Mac. 
2 ’6),  and  Mr.  Edgar  Webb  (O.A.C. 
’26),  were  married  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Knighton,  in  the  presence  of  oidy  a 
few  of  their  most  intimate  friends. 


Wake  Up! 

“You  look  cold.  Shall  I  take  my 
coat  off  and  put  it  around  you?” 

“Oh,  no,  don’t  take  it  off.” 

Professor — “Name  some  production 
in  which  the  supply  exceeds  the  de¬ 
mand. 

Student — ‘  Trouble.  ” 


He  (at  hockey  game) — “See — out 
there  at  centre  ice— he’s  going  to  be  our 
best  man  next  year.” 

She — ‘  ‘  Oh  !  this  is  so  sudden ! !  ” 


Flo — “  There  they  have  written  study 
at  Mac  Institute!”  I  hate  the  sound 
of  that,  but  of  course  you  can’t  say 
study  at  Mac  Hall? 


A  careful  girl  is  Betty  Nye 
She  never  stands  against  the  sky. 
It’s  a  wise  mare  that  knows  her  own 
oats. 


The  Eternal  Grumbler 

The  Visitor — “Well,  you  have  not 
much  to  grumble  at  this  year.  Crops 
were  good,  and  you  got  a  good  price, 
did  you  not?” 

The  farmer — “Yes,  the  crops  were 
good,  but  they  sure  do  take  a  lot  out 
of  the  soil.” 


284 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


We  are  again  publishing  some 
letters  received  from  the  Old  Boys. 
Let’s  hear  from  you  next. — Ed. 


MARRIED. 

Smith — Murray. 

On  Wednesday,  December  2,  St. 
Andrew’s  church,  Stratford,  was  the 
scene  of  a  pretty  wedding  when  Mar¬ 
ion  M.  Murray,  of  West  Monkton, 
Ontario,  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Herman  E.  Smith,  B.S.A.,  of  Owen 
Sound.  After  the  wedding  dinner  they 
left  for  a  trip  to  Montreal  and  Quebec. 
Upon  their  return  they  will  reside  at 
Plateau  Farm,  Owen  Sound.  The  Re¬ 
view  extends  best  wishes. 

Herman  was  a  member  of  ’24,  and  is 
an  ex-President  of  the  Co. Op. 


Little  Current,  Ont., 

Dec.  26,  1925. 

Alumni  Editor,  O.A.C.  Review. 

Dear  Sir: — As  usual,  when  I  receive 
a  Review  I  begin  at  the  back  and  work 
forward  until  I  have  read  the  Alumni 
news  and  locals,  then  come  the  articles. 
It  may  sound  rather  like  the  Chinese 
fashion,  but  it’s  force  of  habit. 

You  again  appeal  for  more  Aiumm 
news  and  as  I  have  some  which  may  be 
of  interest,  I  am  passing  it  on. 

I  met  Roy  E.  Cumming  (Agric. 
Rep.)  in  the  Current  the  other  day, 


and  he  told  me  he  was  married.  He 
has  just  returned  from  his  honeymoon 
and  the  Royal,  and  had  seen  E.  D. 
Bony  man,  (Intermediate  ’26)  in  (Gen¬ 
eral  Hospital,  where  he  is  lying  ill, 
having  been  through  three  operations. 

J.  A.  “Dingle”  Berry,  ’24,  is  not 
coming  home  from  Cuba  this  Fall,  but 
the  gang  may  be  able  to  get  off  to¬ 
gether  during  the  slack  season  next 
summer,  when  they  propose  to  go  first 
to  Jamaica,  then  New  Orleans,  where, 
after  buying  a  Ford  car,  they  will  start 
for  Canada  via  the  Mississippi  scenic 
highway  to  Chicago,  then  on  to  De¬ 
troit,  Guelph,  Toronto  and  Ottawa. 

He  says  they  are  beginning  to  feel 
the  lack  of  feminine  society,  “For  Cub¬ 
an  customs  are  such  that  you  can’t 
have  anv  fun  with  a  senorita.  Most  of 

t/ 

them  are  lacking  in  the  upper  story.” 

The  honey  crop  here  this  year  was 
only  fair,  owing  to  unsuitable  weather 
conditions  during  the  flow ;  clover  was 
very  abundant  and  the  surplus  should 
have  been  large.  The  only  complaint 
I  get  about  the  honey,  is  that  it  won’t 
last  long  enough,  or  as  a  young  doctor 
told  his  sister,  “There  is  a  decided  taint 
to  this  honey — T'ain’t  enough  of  it.” 

’24  will  all  be  pleased  Jimmy  Simp¬ 
son  “made”  the  team,  we  were  always 
sure  he  would. 

There  is  renewed  activity  here  to  try 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


285 


to  rid,  or  at  least  reduce,  the  number 
of  wolves  on  the  Island,  for  they  are 
killing  sheep  in  some  districts. 

May  the  Review  have  another  suc¬ 
cessful  run  during  the  coming  year. 

Y ours  truly, 

ERIC  ARMSTRONG,  ’24. 


December  28,  1925 
Prof.  W.  Squirrell,  0.  A.  College, 
Guelph. 

•  i 

Dear  Billy : — The  enclosed  clipping 
from  the  “Vancouver  Daily  Province” 
I  thought  might  be  good  enough  to 
pass  on  to  the  “Review”,  as  at  least 
two  of  the  names  mentioned  will  be 
familiar  to  you. 

James  Higginson  you  will  remember 
was  one  of  the  Higginson  brothers  who 
entered  in  my  year  in  the  Fall  of  1899, 
— he  has  a  very  fine  farm  at  Sardis 
and  his  brother,  Will,  has  also  a  very 
fine  farm.  Both  are  dairy  farming, 
but  as  a  side  line  James  keeps  pure 
bred  sheep  and  Will  usually  takes  the 
prizes  at  the  fairs  here  with  his  York¬ 
shire  hogs.  Billy  Atkinson  is  a  brother 
of  Alf’s. 

I  met  Professor  Dick  Graham  out 
here  this  Fall,  and  was  pleased  to  see 
him  looking  quite  his  old  self. 

Remember  me  kindly  to  him,  also 
to  President  Reynolds  and  any  of  the 
old  boys  who  may  remember  me. 

Wishing  you  a  very  Happy  New 
Year. 

Sincerely, 

WM.  H.  GUNN 


Should  Be  Nursery  Rhyme 

On  This  'Chilliwack  Lamb 

Chilliwack,  Dec.  16— A  Chilliwack 
lamb  won  first  place  at  the  winter 
fat  stock  show  at  Vancouver.  It  was 
sold  by  a  Chilliwack  auctioneer  to 
a  Chilliwack  farmer  who  bought 
it  for  a  Chilliwack  butcher  to  sell  dur¬ 


ing  a  Chilliwack  Christmas  to  Chilli¬ 
wack  people. 

It  was  a  fat  lamb,  exhibited  by  Jas. 
Higginson  &  Son,  and  sold  by  “Billy” 
Atkinson  to  E.  A.  Gamble  for  J.  R. 
Campbell.  It  weighed  100  pounds  and 
sold  for  $44,  the  top  price  of  the  sale. 


The  following  extracts  are  from  a 
letter  from  M.  A.  C.,  Winnipeg,  to 
Doug.  Adams : 

“Did  you  get  an  announcement  of 
Norm.  Laughiln’s  wedding?  I  haven’t 
the  faintest  idea  what  he  is  doing,  but 
apparently  he  has  espoused  Miss  Kath¬ 
leen  Owen  Meloy.  ” 

“You  might  tell  the  Review  man 
that  Frank  Greany  ‘22,  is  taking  work 
for  M.  S.  at  Minnesota,  in  plant  path¬ 
ology.  There  are  eight  others  besides 
him  in  the  rust  laboratory.  A  new 
building  has  been  put  up  this  Fall  and 
is  now  nearly  ready  for  occupation.” 

“As  for  myself,  I’ve  been  doing  ex¬ 
tension  work  and  lecturing  since  I 
got  back  from  Madison  last  June. 
Since  college  opened  I  have  done  little 
extension  work,  but  have  devoted  my 
time  to  lecturing  to  5th  Year  in  Poultry 
and  3rd  Year  in  Genetics.  Between 
times  I  take  a  few  lectures  at  the  Uni¬ 
versity  in  the  city. 

Our  chief  extension  work  is  poultry 
culling.  I  have  three  assistants,  and 
during  the  past  Fall  culled  1227  flocks 
or  over  72,000i  birds.  The  culls  were 
shipped  out  in  co-operative  shipments.” 


Norm.  Laughlin  has  taken  his  M. 
S.  at  Oregon  and  is  now  teaching  in 
Yuba  City,  Oregon. 

OMISSION. 

In  our  report  of  the  O.A.C.  Alumni, 
C.S.T.A.  dinner,  at  the  time  of  the 


286 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Royal,  an  unfortunate  'omission  oc¬ 
curred.  It  should  have  been  stated 
that  Mr.  Geo.  Raithby,  of  the  Animal 
Husbandry  Department,  contributed 
two  very  acceptable  vocal  numbers  to 
the  programme.  George  was  accom¬ 
panied  by  Prof.  Holgate,  of  Guelph. 


OTTAWA  ALUMNI  MEETING 

Over  one  hundred  Eastern  Ontario 
0.  A.  C.  buys  banqueted  at  the  Chat¬ 
eau  Laurier,  Ottawa,  on  the  evening 
of  November  25th.  As  the  Ottawa 
Winter  Pair  was  in  progress,  an  ex¬ 
ceptional  opportunity  was  given  for 
the  gathering  >of  the  old  boys  to  renew 
old  friendships,  and  to  create  new  ones. 

Two  features  of  the  banquet  are 
worth  mentioning :  first,  that  a  very 
large  number  of  the  participants  were 
men  from  the  farms  whose  opportuni¬ 
ties  of  getting  together  are  more  lim¬ 
ited  than  those  engaged  in  government 
service,  and,  secondly,  that  no  long 
speeches  were  indulged  in,  giving  ample 
time  for  carrying  out  the  real  purpose 
of  the  occasion,  namely  that  for  re-un¬ 
iting  men  of  the  same  class,  and  meet¬ 
ing  with  others  of  different  years. 

Professor  J.  E.  Howitt  was  the 
speaker  of  the  evening,  and  in  reply¬ 
ing  to  the  toast  to  the  “College  and 
Staff  ”,  delightfully  proposed  by  W.  J 
W.  Lennox,  mentioned  the  fact  that  too 
frequently  graduates  and  associate  men 
were  too  prone  to  criticise  the  faculty 
without  full  knowledge  of  the  actual 
problems  confronting  them.  'Construc¬ 
tive  criticism,  however,  was  always 
welcome.  His  address,  punctuated  with 
humor,  gave  many  of  the  old  boys  a 
new  start  on  the  popular  Professor,  as 
memories  of  the  Botany  Lab.  to  most, 
centered  around  the  drawing  of  spir- 
agira,  schizomycetes,  and  air  bubbles 
under  his  critical  professional  eye. 

Those  contributing  to  the  program 


were  Messrs.  Patton  and  Throop  who. 
as  usual,  proved  themselves  gifted  en¬ 
tertainers. 

Miss  Irene  Buckley  delighted  the 
boys  with  two  solos  of  exceptionally 
high  merit,  as  did  Howard  Trueman, 
the  energetic  “Rep.”  of  Grenville 
county. 

Male  quartettes,  community  songs, 
and  the  good  old  'College  yell,  “Aller- 
ibo”  contributed  in  making  the  even¬ 
ing  one  of  the  most  enjoyable  yet 
participated  in  by  the  Eastern  Ontario 
Alumni. 

Professor  W.  J.  Bell  in  the  absence 
of  H.  S.  Arkell,  who  was  ill,  occupied 
the  chair.  Visitors  from  a  distance  in¬ 
cluded  Dean  Howes,  and  others. 

The  meeting  was  organized  by  the 
Eastern  Ontario  directors  of  the  0.  A. 
C.  Provincial  Association,  H.  S.  Arkell, 
Ottawa;  E.  K.  Hampson,  Kemptville, 
Ont.,  and  Harry  Sirrett,  Brighton. 


VERY  SUCCESSFUL  ALUMNI 

MEETING  AT  CHATHAM 


Fifty  old  bo}rs  got  together  at  the 
Garner  House,  Chatham,  on  December 
9,  during  the  Peninsular  Winter  Fair. 
As  at  Ottawa,  the  attendance  exceed¬ 
ed  expectations.  When  accommodation 
could  not  be  found  for  all  in  the  ban¬ 
quet  hall,  a  small  overflow  meeting 
had  to  be  hastily  arranged  outside  in 
the  main  dining  room. 

Prof.  Geo.  E.  Day  was  chairman, 
while  the  speakers  of  the  evening  were : 
Prof.  W.  R.  Graham  and  Prof.  R.  W. 
Wade.  Agricultural  Research  proved 
to  be  an  interesting  theme  when 
handled  by  Prof.  Graham.  “What  are 
the  functions  of  an  agricultural  col¬ 
lege?”  he  asked,  by  way  of  introduc¬ 
tions.  When  asked  this  question,  he 
added,  nearly  everyone  dodged  the  is¬ 
sue,  though  some  said  its  functions 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


287 


were  teaching,  research,  and  extension, 

It  had  been  expected,  stated  Prof. 
Graham,  that  the  short  courses  organ¬ 
ized  by  the  agricultural  representatives 
would  act  as  feeders  for  the  0.  A.  C. 
Instead  they  had  proved  to  be  largely 
seif -satisfying,  for  which  reason  it 
should  be  our  purpose  to  make  them 
just  as  good  as  possible.  In  discussing 
this  phase  of  agricultural  extension, 
the  speaker  spoke  highly  of  the  re¬ 
sults  being  accomplished  by  the 
1 1  Reps  ’  ’. 

Turning  to  research,  Prof.  Graham 
remarked  that  each  day  we  were  de¬ 
manding  greater  efficiency  from  our 
various  farm  animals.  This,  in  turn, 
demanded  research  into  the  various 
problems  of  feeding  and  breeding.  In 
such  work  it  would  be  an  advantage 
for  the  O.A.C.  to  be  linked  up  with 
Toronto  University,  so  that  we  might 
take  advantage  of  the  talent  and  equip¬ 
ment  available  there.  In  this  connec¬ 
tion,  he  observed,  the  conditions  under 
which  O.A.C.  or  Varsity  graduates 
could  take  post-graduate  work,  making 
use  of  the  herds,  flocks  and  plots  at 
the  O.A.C.  and  the  teaching  staff  and 
laboratories  at  Toronto  University. 
Prof.  Graham  also  related  how  the  0. 
A.C.  and  Varsity  were  co-operating  in 
research 'work  a  feature  that  could  be 
profitably  developed. 

After  displaying  some  of  his  char¬ 
acteristic  humorous  philosophy,  “Bob’’ 
Wade  asserted  that  we  were  faced  with 
a  real  educational  problem  in  replac¬ 
ing  all  the  educated  Canadians,  both 
College  boys  and  trained  mechanics, 
who  were  attracted  by  that  great 
magnet,  the  United  States.  The  Corn 
Borer,  “R.  W.  ”  regarded  as  a  test  of 
the  character  of  the  people  in  the  corn 
belt  of  Ontario.  If  they  conquered  the 
borer,  the  power  thereby  developed 
would  help  them  to  meet  the  other 


pests  and  problems  that  would  un¬ 
doubtedly  come  in  the  future. 

To  balance  the  ration,  there  was  an 
excellent  musical  programme.  Phil 
Rancher,  whose  voice  filled  College 
halls  with  melody  a  dozen  years  ago, 
inspired  the  banquetters  to  render  old 
time  heart  songs  in  a  manner  that 
combined  volume  and  quality  most 
harmoniously.  Indeed,  we  never  heard 
a  crowd  who  could  sing  better — and  we 
are  quite  unbiased  for  we  were  in  the 
overflow  meeting  outside,  thus  having 
a  good  opportunity  to  appreciate  the 
combined  vocal  effort.  Phil  also  sang 
a  solo  in  his  old-time  style.  He  was 
assisted  by  a  local  entertainer,  one  of 
whose  numbers  was  a  saw-solo.  It  was 
the  first  time  most  of  those  present 
ever  realized  that  there  was  music  in 
a  hand-saw. 

This  meeting  was  the  third  of  the 
series  of  local  get-togethers,  being  or¬ 
ganized  by  the  Provincial  O.A.C.  Alum¬ 
ni  Association.  It  was  arranged  by 
the  Western  Ontario  directors:  W.  R. 
Reek,  Ridgetown;  P.  L.  Rancher,  Chat¬ 
ham,  and  H.  S.  Rry,  London. 

P.S. — The  meeting  proper  was  follow¬ 
ed  by  an  impromptu  gathering  a  la 
Grub  Alley,  in  “Icky”  Wright’s  room 
at  the  Garner.  About  a  dozen  and  a 
half  drifted  in  during  this  informal 
conference.  Many  problems  connected 
with  Agriculture,  the  O.A.C.,  C.iS.T.A., 
Alumni,  etc.,  were  discussed.  Unfort¬ 
unately  the  discourse  was  too  animated 
and  the  opinions  too  diverse  to  permit 
of  the  assembled  agriculturists  arriv¬ 
ing  at  a  unanimous  solution  for  any  of 
these  pressing  problems. 

One  of  the  oldest  members  present  at 
the  Alumni  dinner  was  W.  M.  Grant, 
’80.  Mr.  Grant  is  farming  near  Blen¬ 
heim.  His  daughters  have  attended 
Mac.  Hall. 


288 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Those  Present 

W.  Reek,  J.  E.  Presant,  J.  L.  '.Dough¬ 
erty,  S.  P.  Brown,  F.  L.  Evans,  D.  E. 
Carroll,  C.  .  Hamil,  R.  White,  P.  C. 
Brown,  H.  E.  Hutson,  W.  MacDonald, 
Johnson,  McHenery,  H.  G.  Bell,  G. 
Thompson,  T.  B.  Harvey,  T.  B.  Whale. 
D.  S.  Johnson,  W.  M.  Grant,  E.  E. 
Lug-m;  H.  E.  Presant,  T.  Keil,  P.  L. 
Fancher,  J.  H.  Smith,  J.  Neilson,  D.  C. 
Turner,  E.  A.  Nuller,  S.  White,  T.  B. 
Martin,  Lawrence,  R.  McEwan,  C. 
Buchanan,  C.  L.  Carr,  W.  L.  Wallace , 
W.  T.  W.  Lennox,  J.  Carroll,  E.  S. 
Manning,  G.  Hood,  W.  H.  Wright,  V.  C. 
Lowell,  F.  C.  McLennan,  C.  W.  Smith, 
J.  Marshall,  H.  B.  Baird,  0.  F.  Moore, 
J.  C.  Neale,  W.  A.  Mackenzie. 

T.  F.  Patterson,  ’00,  is  now  in  Van¬ 
couver,  B.  C.  His  address  is  1100 
Haro  street.  He  is  engaged  in  the 
lumbering  business. 


H.  E.  Young,  ’23,  is  at  present  tak¬ 
ing  special  work  in  Bacteriology  at  the 
College. 


J.  N.  Allen,  T4,  is  managing  the 
dairy  at  Dunnville.  He  was  seen  last 
summer  many  times  bowling  on  the 
green. 


P.  E.  Angle,  ’09.  Paul  is  still  with 
the  Independent  Order  of  Foresters 
and  has  six  girls.  He  lives  at  Oakville. 


J.  G.  Archibald,  T6,  is  Assistant 
Professor  of  Research  Chemistry  at 
the  Massachusetts  Agricultural  Experi¬ 
mental  Station,  Amhurst,  Mass. 


C.  F.  Bailey,  ’09,  Director  of  the 
Experimental  Station,  Frederickton  N. 
B.,  was  seen  shaking  hands  with  his 
many  friends  at  the  Royal  Show,  at 
Toronto,  in  December. 


I.  T.  Barnet,  T4,  was  looking  well* 
in  Ottawa  lately,  where  he  was  at¬ 
tending  the  regular  conference  of  the 
Soldiers’  Settlement  Board.  Barnet  is 
Superintendent  of  British  Columbia,  at 
Vancouver. 


J.  M.  Bates,  ’22,  is  Agricultural 
Teacher  in  the  High  School  at  Beams- 
ville. 


N.  M.  Blaney,  ’23,  is  with  a  Dairy  Co. 
in  Los  Angeles.  He  is  to  be  married 
early  in  February. 


L.  A.  Bowes,  ’08,  is  still  raising  and 
showing  good  show  horses  in  Alberta. 
His  address  is  235-8th  Ave.  E.,  Calgary. 


E.  P.  Bradt,  ’12,  who  used  to  be 
District  Agricultural  Representative  in 
Dundas  Co.,  is  now  fruit-farming  at 
Niagara-on-the-Lake. 


E.  N.  Buckley.  ’23,  of  the  Soldier’s 
Settlement  Board,  has  been  moved  from 
Napanee  to  Smith’s  Falls.  This  address 
will  reach  him  now. 


G.  C.  Chamberlain,  ’22,  is  in  the 
Plant  Pathology  Laboratory  at  St. 
Catharines. 


J.  E.  Chiistinsen,  ’21,  is  managing  a 

commission  business  of  his  own  at 

\ 

Morrisburg,  Ont. 


Clark,  G.  A.,  T6,  is  still  with  the 
Oliver  Chilled  Plow  Co.,  Toronto.  He 
had  a  good  show  at  the  Royal. 


E.  F.  Coke,  ’09,  is  manager  of  the  E. 
W.  Goulding  Co.,  Real  Estate,  11  Ade¬ 
laide  St,  E.,  Toronto. 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Vll 


3® 


YOU  CAN’T  TEACH  A  COW  TO 

WHISTLE 


If  a  man  came  into  your  book-store 
and  asked  for  “ Three  Weeks,”  would 
you  offer  him  Pilgrim’s  Progress  or 
Mrs.  Rorer’s  Cook  Book?  If  he  walk¬ 
ed  into  your  restaurant  and  ordered  hot 
mince  pie  and  ice  cream  would  you 
bring  him  two  soft  boiled  eggs? 

‘“Three  Weeks”  is  neither  educa¬ 
tional  nor  instructive  and  hot  mince 
pie  and  ice  cream  is  an  utter  abomin¬ 
ation  and  about  as  nutritious  as  wood 
alcohol.  But,  unless  you  want  your 
bookstore  to  look  like  Halifax  after 
the  explosion  and  your  restaurant  to 
resemble  the  martyred  cities  of  Bel¬ 
gium,  you  don’t  try  to  dictate  his 
tastes. 

After  a  man  has  put  on  long  pants 
and  begins  to  shine  his  shoes  you  natur¬ 
ally  conclude  that  he  knows  what  he 
wants  and  if  he  can’t  get  it  from  you 
he  will  go  next  door. 

You  can’t  teach  a  dog  to  eat  hay.  A 
diet  of  Meringue  Glace  would  not  sus¬ 
tain  a  hippopotamus.  A  man  whose 
mind  hungers  for  La  Vie  Parisienne 
would  suffer  from  intellectual  paralysis 
if  reduced  to  the  Canadian  Forum.  Pic¬ 
ture  Dr.  George  H.  Locke  marooned  in 
the  editorial  office  of  Merry  and  Bright 
or  The  Pink  ’Un. 

Every  man  has  his  own  tastes.  There 
will  always  be  thousands  of  sewer¬ 
brained  mudlarks  eager  to  absorb  Live 
Wire  or  Hot  Dog.  But  slapping  them 
on  the  wrist  and  saying,  “Naughty! 


Naughty!”  will  only  add  zest  to  their 
muck-raking.  The  worthy  disciples  of 
the  Educate  the  Public  panic  and  the 
Anti-slime  wave,  apostles  of  enforced 
morality,  are  most  successful  circula¬ 
tion  canvassers  for  shady  journalism. 


SPARKS  FROM  STREETSVILLE 


A  Cruel  Thrust 

“I’m  sorry  I  kept  you  waiting  so 
long,”  murmured  the  Mac  Hall  dam¬ 
sel  as  she  appeared  , ready  for  the 
dance.  “It  took  me  so  long  to  put  on 
my  coat.”  “Did  you  only  put  on  one 
coat?”  he  asked,  gazing  at  her  face 


A  Crueller  Thrust 

Prof.  Tomlinson  to  IV.  year  Hort. 
class — “Good  morning,  Mr.  Reynolds! 
Good  morning,  gentlemen!” 


Scotland  Forever 

MacArthur  and  Whitmore,  waiting 
for  the  street  car.  Enter  Mac  Hall 
Maiden,  beautiful,  petite. 

Mac  raises  his  hat. 

Joe — “Give  me  an  introduction!” 
Mac — “Wait  till  she  pays  her  fare, 
man ! !  ” 


Obvious 

Jim  Wharry,  according  to  recent  ru¬ 
mor,  has  a  sore  throat.  Visiting  Dr 
Ross.  “Is  my  tongue  coated?” 
he  asked,  anxiously.  “Why,  Mr. 
Wharry,  how  could  it  be?  Does  grass 
grow  on  the  race  track?” 


V1U. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Presenting 
for  Winter 
1925-1926 


A  Truly  Aristocratic 
Collection  of 
Women’s  and  Misses 

Coats,  Wraps, 
Dinner  Gowns, 
Dance  Frocks, 
Party  Dresses, 
Afternoon  and 
Sport  Frocks 

also  the 

Smartest 

Costume  Accessories 

Garments  that  reflect  a 
dignified,  refined  personal¬ 
ity  at  prices  shorn  of  ex¬ 
travagance 

We  cordially  invite  you  to 
view  this  comprehensive 
collection  of  newer  ideas 
as  approved  by  Dame 
Fashion  for  1925-26  with¬ 
out  feeling  the  sligest  obli¬ 
gation  to  purchase 

FOSTER’S 

Guelph's  Foremost  Fashion  Shop 
Catering  Exclusively  to  Women 


It  Might  Be  So 

Bill  Miller — "All  that  B.  C.  needs  to 
become  the  garden  spot  of  the  world 
is  good  people  and  water.” 

Graham — Dash  it  all,  Bill,  what  more 
does  Hell  need? 


A  Mac  Hall  .girl  had  a  little  dog, 
Mention  her  name  ?  I  won ’t ! 

A  Senior  bold  remarked,  "Some  pet!” 
And  she  snapped  back,  "I  don’t!” 


There,  there,  little  girl,  don’t  yon  cry, 
You’ll  get  my  year  pin  bye  and  bye. 


"How  do  you  know  Rox  is  in  love?" 
"  Oh !  he ’s  wearing  neckties  to  class 
again.  ” 


Prof.  Fulmer — "What  can  you  tell 
me  about  nitrates.” 

Lemieux— "  They ’re  cheaper  than 
day  rates.” 


"What’s  the  difference  between  a 
Mac  Hallite  and  a  downtown  woman? 

A  down-town  woman  generally  leaves 
a  fellow  car-fare  home. 


Mr.  Young  spent  the  week-end  in 
Toronto.  If  he  had  only  been  here 
he  would  have  heard  some  humorous 
comments  at  the  table  as  to  the  reason 
for  his  absence. 


At  the  Tea  Dance 

€ 

Vic — "Hold  hard,  Tommy.  That 
banjo  sounds  like  hiccups.” 

T.B. — What  do  you  mean! — ‘ sounds’ 
like  hiccups.  It  was  hiccups. 


Jim  S.  won  the  cow-bell  at  the  Col¬ 
lege  Royal,  and  we  have  heard  nothing 
but  "Dingle,  Dingle,”  ever  since. 


I  lease  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


IX 


Mr.  McLean — “When  did  Milton 
write  Paradise  Lost?” 

Junior — “When  his  wife  returned 
from  her  summer  vacation.” 


Looks  “  is  ’  ’  Deceiving 

‘  ‘  Shake,  Henry ;  I  ’se  glad  that  you  is 
willing  to  make  up.” 

“Watch  out,  niggah !  I’se  only  smil¬ 
ing  to  rest  the  wrinkles  in  mah  f ahead.’ 7 


i  i 


Where  are  you  going,  my  pretty 
maid  ? 7  7 

“I7m  going  a  milking,  sir, 77  she 
said. 

“In  that  dress,  my  pretty  maid?” 
“No,  you  dumb  ell,  in  this  bucket  ” 


yy 


The  Modem  Girl 

“I  just  can’t  stand  Joe  any  longer. 
“Well,  what’s  the  matter  with  him 
now ! 7  7 

“He’s  just  too  doggoned  respect¬ 
able.” 


Voice  over  the  Phone — “I  can’t  sleep, 
doctor.  Can  you  do  anything  for  me!” 

Doctor — “Sure,  hold  the  line  and  I'll 
sing  you  a  lullaby.” 


There  are  two  ways  to  win  a  woman. 
One  is  to  spend  money  on  her.  So  is 
the  other. 


Soph— “You  want  to  keep  your  eyes 
open  around  here  to-day.” 

Fresh— “What  for?” 

Soph — “Because  people  will  think 

you’re  a - —  fool  if  you  go  around 

with  them  shut. 77 


AGNEW’S 

BOOT 

SHOP 

‘Canada’s  Largest  Shoe  Retailers’ 

And  Now  We  Are  Ready  For 

THE 

CON VERS  AT 

With  All  That’s 

New  in  Fashionable  Footwear 

Featuring  Batin,  in  Black,  Blonde 
and  Nut  Brown,  Patent  or  Kid, 
Silver  and  Gold  Brocades,  Charm¬ 
ing  Designs,  with  Appliques  or 
Kid  and  Suede. 

Dress  Footwear  for  Men  in  Turn 
Welts  or  Hand  Turn  Models,  Easy 
Fitting  Shoes  You’ll  be  Proud  to 
Wear. 

& 

MAY  WE  SERVE  YOU 

Agnew’s 


He — “Dear,  if  I  can’t  return  for 
inner,  I  shall  send  you  a  note.” 

She — “Do  not  bother  yourself,  I  have 
lready  found  the  note  in  your  inside 
■ocket.” 

Please  mention  the  0.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


22  Lower  Wyndliain  Sttreet 


X. 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


i 


r 


i 

r 


V 


ROBINSON’S 

for  MUSIC,  BREAD,  ROLLS,  CAKES  and  PASTRY 

Try  Beth  at  Your  Next  Social 
Open  for  Engagements  for  Concerts,  Skating  Rinks,  etc. 


Phones  1217  and  1701W 


Prompt  Deliveries 


Guelph,  Ont. 
_ _ / 


Drug  Clerk — “What  kind  of  a  tooth 
brush  do  you  want.” 

Negro — “Gib  me  a  big  one,  boss. 
Dare’s  ten  in  my  fambly. ” 


“Did  you  remove  the  price  marks 
from  all  the  presents  before  you  wrap¬ 
ped  them  up,  Henry?” 

“No,  dear,  only  from  the  inexpensive 
ones.” 


Teacher — ‘  ‘  Take  this  sentence  :  Let 
the  cow  be  taken  out  of  the  lot.  What 
mood?” 

Pupil — “The  Cow.” 


She — “Are  you  a  student?” 
He — “No,  I  go  to  the  O.A.C.” 


“Who’s  that  homely-looking  wo¬ 
man?” 

“That’s  my  sister.” 

“She  sure  can  dance.” 


And  Not  a  Yard  Wide 

The  Girl:  “What’s  that  funny  stuff 
on  the  sheep?” 

The  Herder:  “Wool,  ma’am.” 

The  Girl:  “Wool?  Huh,  I’ll  bet  it’s 
half  cotton!” — Life. 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  O.  REVIEW  when  answering-  Advertisements 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW- 


xi 


COLLEGE  STUDENTS 

Will  find  it  a  pleasure  to  Insure  with  the 

Sun  Life  Assurance  Company  of  Canada 

HEAD  OFFICE— MONTREAL 

The  Leading  Life  Assurance  Company  in  the  British  Empire. 

ASSETS 

THREE  HUNDRED  MILLION  DOLLARS 


W.  E.  (“Bill”)  Hamilton 

DISTRICT  MANAGER 

20  Douglas  Street  Guelph,  Ontario 


0} 


jirmpannura  anil  (Eirkrta 


OUR  concert  and  entertainment  printing  is 

EXECUTED  IN  A  MANNER  THAT  GETS  RESULTS.  IT 
COSTS  NO  MORE  BUT  WHERE  DISPLAYED  COMMANDS 

ATTENTION. 

WE  OFFER  YOU  SERVICE 

FROM  THE  PREPARATION  OF  YOUR  COPY 
TO  THE  DELIVERY  OF  YOUR  ORDER 

THE  GUMMER  PRESS 


DOUGLAS  STREET 


TELEPHONE  872 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


xn. 


i  7 IE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


The  Peacock 

Candy  Shop 

for 

HOT  DRINKS,  CANDIES  AND 
BEVERAGES 

Where  Quality  Counts 

107  Wyndham  Street 


Phone  888 


Guelph 


R.  S.  CULL 


GUELPH’S  GOOD  CLOTHES 
SHOP 

The  Store  With  the  New  Front 


35  Wyndham  St. 


Guelph 


BROWN  S  FINE  CAKES 

Our  Specialties 

WEDDING  CAKES 

BIRTHDAY  CAKES 

CREAM  GOODS 

Prompt  Deliveries  to  all  parts  of  City 
12  Wilson  Street  Phone  1101 


MacKENNA 

Beauty  Parlor 

Marceling  and  Shampooing, 

Face  and  Scalp  Treatments, 

Ladies  Hair  Cutting 

Phone  2383  94  Quebec  St.,  East 

Third  Door  from  Bank  of  Commerce 


THURSTON’S 

NEW  SHOE  STORE 

MOVED  TO  UPPER  WYNDHAM  ST. 
Past  the  Post  Office 


DALY’S 

“Right  at  the  Post  Office” 

Chocolates,  Developing,  Printing 
News,  Stationery,  Tobaccos, 


EARLE  FRID 

Right  opposite  the  Post  Office,  near 
Royal  Bank 

FRUITS,  FLOWERS  AND  FUNERAL 

DESIGNS 

Phone  1121  We  Deliver  Everywhere 


STOVER  ^Encines 


I  PIONEER  EQUIPMENT  C9 


Don’t  Experiment  with  a 
Cheap  unsatisfactory 
engine.  Get  a  Stover . 

FOR  CERTAIN,  SATISFACTORY 
SERVICE,  >»?  SAVE  MONEY. 
ALL  SIZES  tiTo30  HP.  wr.tefoh 

FREE  CATALOGUE  a  FULL  INFORMATION . 

WOOLWICH  ST 
GUELPH,.  ON T. 


Ready  to  Abdicate 

He:  “The  hand  that  rocks  the  cradle 
rules  the  world.’’ 

-She:  “Then  suppose  you  rule  the 
world  for  a  while.  I’m  tired.” — Sea 
Bag  (published  on  board  U.  S.  S.  Ok¬ 
lahoma). 


A  Wide  Latitude 

A  lady  walked  into  a  department 
store  and  said,  “I  want  something  ui 
oil  for  the  dining-room.” 

Salesman:  “What  will  it  be?  A 
landscape  or  a  can  of  sardines?” — 
Bovs’  Life. 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


xm. 


Hlllllllllll!lllll 


HIM 


A  Complete  Line 

The  Massey-Harris  Line  includes  nearly  everything  in  the  way  of 
Farm  implements,  every  unit  of  which  is  guaranteed  to  be  up  to 
the  well-known  standard  of  quality  for  which  the  name  “  Massey- 
Harris’ J  stands.  Seventy-eight  years  experience  in  good 
implement  building  is  back  of  every  machine. 


Tillage  Machines 

Plows 

Disc  Harrows 
Spring-Tooth  Harrows 
Spike-Tooth  Harrows 
Harrow  Carts 
Cultivators 
Scufflers 
Land  Rollers 
Land  Packers 


Harvesting  Machines 

Grain  Binders 
Push  Harvesters 
Reapers 
Corn  Plarvesters 

Vehicles 

W  agons 
Dump  Carts 
Sleighs 

Dump  Wagons 


Seeding  Machines 

Seeders 
Grain  Drills 
Fertilizer  Drills 
Corn  Planters 
Turnip  Sowers 

Hay-Making  Machines 

Mowers 

Rakes 

Tedders 

Side  Delivery  Rakes 
Hay  Loaders 


General 

Manure  Spreaders 
Saw  Outfits 
Feed  Cutters 
Pulpers,  Grinders 
Ensilage  Cutters 
Cream  Separators 
Pump  Jacks 
Wheelbarrows 
Potato  Diggers 
Sprayers 

Gasoline  and  Kerosene 

Engines 


Every  Massey-Harris  Agency  is  a  Service  Station.  You  can 
always  get  duplicate  parts  for  any  Massey-Harris  machine 
no  matter  how  long  it  has  been  in  use. 

MASSEY -HARRIS  COMPANY,  Limited 

Established  1847—78  Years  ago 

Toronto,  Montreal,  Moncton,  Winnipeg,  Brandon,  Regina, 
Saskatoon,  Swift  Current,  Yorkton,  Calgary,  Edmonton. 


Agencies  Everywhere 


xiv. 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Good  Things  to  Eat 

Williams’  Royal  Maid 

BREAD 

Whole  Wheat  Bread 
Cakes 
Pastries 

Chelsea  and  Cinnamon  Rolls 

Fancy  Cakes  for  Parties  and 
Five  O’Clock  Teas 

Imported  and  Domestic  Fruits 
Delicacies  and  Confectionery 

Fancy  Novelties  for  the  Holiday 
Seasons 

Catering  and  Wedding  Cakes 

a  specialty 

GEO.  WILLIAMS 

Phone  109  Phone  109 


CUSTOM 


Means  Perfect  Fitting 

Having  your  suit  and  overcoat  tailor- 
ored  by  Keleher  and  Hendley’s  means 
that  you  will  have  an  absolutely  per¬ 
fect  fit,  in  your  own  style  preference, 
and  of  fabrics  woven  by  the  finest 
English  and  Scotch  mills. 

Right  now  is  the  time  to  select  your 
material  while  they  are  plentiful. 

©&©© 

Keleher  &  Hendley’s 

LIMITED 

Model  Merchant  Tailors,  Furnishers 
and  Furriers. 

ESTABLISHED  1854 


SMITHS  Furniture  Store 

FURNITURE 

CARPET  SQUARES 
OILCLOTHS 
LINOLENMS 

CONGOLEUM  RUGS 

Our  Brices  Are  Always  the  Lowest 

SMITH’S  Furniture  Store 


SAVE  MONEY  ON 

RING  BOOK  SHEETS 


Lettering  of  Club  Bags,  Office  Sup¬ 
plies,  Printing  and  Bookbinding 

Burnell  Binding  and  Printing  Co. 

Phone  1107  89  Quebec  St. 

Over  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia 


FOR  QUALITY  AND  RIGHT 
PRICES 

MILTON’S 

Meat  Market 

TRY 

OUR  HOME-MADE  SAUSAGE 


Phone  631 


26  Carden  St. 


Programmes 

Letterheads  and  Envelopes,  Cards, 
Invitations,  Menus,  etc.,  artisti¬ 
cally  designed  and  neatly 
printed 

Kelso  Printing  Co. 

Fine  Job  Printers 

TOVELL’S  BLOCK  GUELPH 


Please  mention  the  0.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


xv. 


Do  you  like  lovely  milk  chocolate?  Then 
the  Jersey  Milk  Bar  was  just  made  for 
you. 


Do  you  like  delicious  milk  chocolate, 
with  tasty  roasted  filberts  added?  Then 
there  is  just  one  bar  for  you — Neilson’s 
Jersey  Nut  Milk. 


AN  INVITATION 


To  call  and  inspect  the  most  attractive  group  of  New  Suitings  that  has 
been  put  out  for  many  a  year.  Fancy  Tweeds,  Worsteds,  New  Hair  Lines  and 
Indigo  Dye  Blue  Serges.  You’ll  like  the  popular  prices  and  the  ironclad 
guarantee  that  goes  with  every  order. 

2  Pant  Suits,  Tailored  to  Measure,  $24.00,  $27. 50^  $30.00  and  Better. 

The  Extra  Pair  Doubles  the  Wear. 

Februarv  Sale 

Now  on — Men’s  and  Young  Men’s  Ready-for-Service  Suits,  Topcoats  and 
odd  Garments.  Prices  cut  in  two. 

Inspection  invited 

IHcPbersoti  tailoring  £©’y. 

Clothes  Maker  for  Men  Who  Care 
31  Quebec  Street,  Guelph 

Phone  455.  Opposite  Sutherland’s 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering-  Advertisements 


XVI 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


th 


ANNIVERSARY 


of 

De  Laval  Milker 

10  Years  of  S twice 

Thousands  of  Satisfied  Users 

In  1916  the  first  De  Laval  Milker  was 
sold.  Before  that  20  years  had  been 
spent  in  its  development  and  perfec¬ 
tion.  When  the  De  Laval  Milker  was 
put  upon  the  market  it  was  a  perfected 
machine. 

To-day  more  than  half  a  million  cows 
are  milked  the  De  Laval  Way — and  ^ 
the  number  is  increasing  so  rapidly  ^ 
that  hand  milking  will  soon  be  as 
old-fashioned  as  harvesting  grain 
with  a  cradle. 


See  y our 
De  Laval 
Agent  or 
write  us 
direct. 


Prices  slightly 
higher  in  Western 
Canada. 


De  Laval  first  gave  the  world  the 
centrifugal  cream  separator,  which 
has  done  so  much  to  make  the  dairy  |m| 

industry  the  largest  and  most  profitable  branch  of  agriculture. 

Now  the  De  Laval  Milker  removes  the  drudgery  of  hand 

milking,  saves  time  and  labor,  does  better  milking,  and  produces 
cleaner  mills. 

i  , 

Cbe  De  Eaual  Company 

Limited 


De  Laval  Cream  Separator 

The  world’s  best  cream  separator. 
Has  the  wonderful  “floating  bowl.” 

•  Guaranteed  to  skim  cleaner.  Fur- 
TTv  nished  in  seven  sizes,  with  hand, 

%  X  electric  or  belt  drive. 


MONTREAL 

WINNIPEG 


PETERBOROUGH 

VANCOUVER 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


xvn 


•  hoes  Repaired 

by  the 

GOODYEAR  WELT  SYSTEM 

at  O.  Campbell 

51  Quebec  St. 

PROMPT  SERVICE 


BROWN’S  BICYCLE  STORE 

For  good  Hockey  Shoes  and 
Automobile  Skates 

Concave  Sharpened,  Oil  Finish,  Gen¬ 
eral  Repair  Work. 

49  CORK  ST.  PHONE  363 


(Central  (Cafe 

67  Wyndham  Street 

The  Highest  Class  Cafe  in  the  City 


D.  M.  FOSTER,  D.D.S.,  L.D.S. 

Dental  Surgeon 
Over  Dominion  Bank 
Entrance  60  Macdonnell  Street 
Phone  1410 

MISS  E.  S.  MARRIOTT 

Florist  and  Fancy  Goods  Store 
China  for  Gifts,  Toys  and  Dolls 
143  Wyndham  St.,  Opp.  Castle  Theatre 
Phone  966.  Sunday  385J 
Store  Open  Evenings.  Your  Patronage 
Appreciated. 


G.  P.  BRITTON,  D.D.S. 

DENTIST 

45  Wyndham  Street 
(Over  Woolworths) 

Telephone  897  -  Residence  61 7W 

M.  J.  RUDELL,  D.D.S.,  L.D.S. 

General  Dental  Practice  and  X  Ray  Work 
Over  Guelph  Trust  Co. 

Corner  Wyndham  and  Cork  Streets 


Phones,  Office  16,  Residence  147 

Ross  Hamilton  Wing,  D.D.S. 

General  Dental  Practice 
23  Lower  Wyndham  Street 

(Over  Savage’s  Jewelry) 

PHONE  1500  GUELPH,  ONT. 


STUDENTS’  BARBER  SHOP 

In  Basement  of  Dining  Hall 
TOBACCO  AND  CIGARETTES 
Save  Time  and  Money 


DR.  L.  R.  GARVEY 

Dentist 

Opposite  Capitol  Theatre 
Phone  1783  Evening  7  to  8 


WATCH 


Repairing — 
Accurate  and 
Dependable. 

J.  J.  McTAGUE 

TEWELER  71  Wyndham 


THE  ROYAL  CITY  PRESS 


Printers 


53  MACDONALD  STREET 


PHONE  1414 


SINGER'S  For  Jewelry  —  Souvenirs 

Eversharp  Pencils,  Waterman 
Pens.  All  kinds  of  Repairs. 

W.  G,  Singer,  -  Jeweler 

Wellington  Hotel  Block 


CITY  BATTERY  SERVICE 

The  Home  of  All  Makes  of  Batteries 
Also  Electrical  Repairs 

Phone  1641F  169  Woolwich  St. 

HOWARD  E.  BOLTON,  PROP. 

HOWDEN  HARDWARE  CO. 

Dealers  in  General  Hardware,  Paints, 
Varnishes,  Oils,  Leads,  Glass,  Putty,  Build¬ 
ers’  Supplies  and  Farmers’  Supplies.  Stoves, 
Graniteware,  Tinware,  and  Kitchen  Utensils 

30-32  MACDONNELL  STREET 
PHONE  964  GUELPH,  ONT. 

YOU’RE  WRITING  HOME 

Purchase  that  Stationery  and  Fountain 
Pen  from  our  distinctive  lines.  For  that 
gift — select  from  our  new  books. 

C.  ANDERSON  &  CO. 

Phone  256 


^^Gmentionthe  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering-  Advertisements 


XV111 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


The  Store  Handy  to  the 
Street  Car 

lurphy  H  Jones 

Betsy  Brown  Candies  Fresh 
Daily 

All  the  Popular  Magazines 
Next  to  Bond’s  Phone  2019 


John  Armstrong 

Limited 

DRY  GOODS 


Marshall’s  Drug  Store 

Our  every  effort  is  dominated  by 
the  one  idea  to  serve  you  eon- 
scientously  and  to  your  entire 
satisfaction. 

Marshall’s  Drug  Store 

PHONE  1440 


li.  E.  COSFORD 

THE 

SHOEMAN 

°Gr& 

FINE  SHOES 

DANCING  PUMPS 

BOUDOIR  SLIPPERS 
GYMNASIUM  SHOES 

FOOTBALL  BOOTS 


37  Lower  Wyndham  Street 


W.  V.  BAGG 


Save  Your  Eves 

The  man  who  Neglects  his  Eyesight,  neg¬ 
lects  happiness,  health  and  learning  cap¬ 
acity.  Have  your  Eyes  Examined 


PHONE  1659- J 


FI  OWERS  Whatever  the  occasion 

~ _  you  can  best  express  your 

pleasure  or  sympathy  by  “Saying  it  with 
Flowers.” 

We  specialize  in  Artistic  Floral  ar¬ 
rangements.  Members  of  Florists’  Tele¬ 
graph  Association,  Flowers  delivered  any¬ 
where.  Phone  436 

GILCHRIST’S  FLOWER  SHOPPE 


PHONE  808  49  QUEBEC  WEST 

Cleaner  &  Presser--  Alterations 

Suits  or  Overcoats  Pressed . $  .50 

Monthly  Contracts  Per  Month .  1.50 

Agent 

SCOTLAND  WOOLEN  MILLS 
SUIT  —  $25.00  —  O’COAT 
Made  to  Order 

Represented  by  C.  F.  Griffenham 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


XIX 


Sporting  Goods 

At  Club  Bates 
RUGBY,  SOCCER, 
SPRINTING  AND  HOCKEY 


See  Us  First 

THE  BIG  SHOE  STORE 

J.  1).  McArthur 
COLE  BROS,  a  SCOTT 

29  and  31  Wyndham  St. 

Headquarters  for  Men’s  High  Class 
Ready-to-Wear  Clothing  and 
Furnishings. 

Ordered  Clothing  a  Specialty 
also  General  Dry-Goods. 

THE  PEOPLE’S  STORE 
GUELPH 


nigh  Grade  Printing 

For  Society  and  Social  Functions 
Artistic  and  Unique  Designs 
Commercial  and  Book  Printers 


The  Wallace  Printing  Company 


Alex.  Stewart,  Chemist 

Will  Develop,  Print  and  Finish 
your  KODAK  Pictures  and 
furnish  you  with  fresh 
films 

Office  and  Main  Store: 

65  St.  George’s  Square 

Branch : 

10  Lower  Wyndham  Street 


Developing 


AND 


Printing 

The  Kind  You'll  Appreciate 

We  carry  a  complete  stock  of 
TOILET  REQUISITES 

WING’S  PHARMACY 

RIGHT  AT  THE  SQUARE 


SnraMmit’si 

Plrarmarg 

DRUGS  AND  TOILET  ARTICLES 


4  Doors  North  of  Post  Office 
99  UPPER  WYNDHAM  STREET 


45-47  Cork  Street 


GUELPH 


Dominion  Cafe 

98  Wyndham  Street 

THE  MOST  UP-TO-DATE  CAFE 
AND  BANQUET  HALL  IN  THE 

CITY. 


In  Hamilton  stop  at  the  Devonshire 
Cafe,  corner  James  and  Vine  Streets. 
Under  the  same  management. 


LET  US  SHOW  YOU  OUR 

Eversharp  Pencils  and 
Waterman  Pens 

We  have  a  nice  selection  of  these 
from  75  cents  to  $10.00. 

SMITH  &  MAHONEY 

Watches,  Clocks,  Jewelry,  China, 
Silverware  and  Glass 
75  Quebec  St.  Phone  1754J 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


XX 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


Lard  —  Autos 
and  WYANDOTTE 

The  cargo  of  a  ship  recently  docking  at  Copenhagen,  Denmark,  was 
entirely  composed  of  leaf  lard,  automobiles,  and  Wyandotte  cleaning  powder. 

Dairy  producers  in  all  parts  of  the  world  and  in  every  part  of  this 
country  use 


because  it  gives  sweet  smelling,  thoroughly  clean  surfaces  with  little  effort  and 
at  reasonable  cost. 


INDIAN  IN  CIRCLE 


Not  only  are  Wyandotte  cleaned  surfaces 
clean  and  odorless,  but  they  are  greaseless  as  well. 
Wyandotte  Sanitary  Cleaner  and  Cleanser  makes  no 
suds,  rinses  freely  from  washed  surfaces,  and  leaves 
everything  wholesome  and  sanitary. 

WYANDOTTE  CLEANS  CLEAN 


The  J.  B.  Ford  Co. 


Sole  Mnfrs. 


Wyandotte,  Mich. 


College 

Clothes 

and 

Accessories 

as  you  like  ’em 
at 

POWELLS 

on  Lower  Wyndham  St. 


For  the  Future 
Bride 

After  she  has  made  you  happy 
with  one  little  word,  make  her 
happy  by  choosing  the  cherish¬ 
ed  token  from  our  special  dis¬ 
play  of  Engagement  Rings. 

$25  to  $500 

Savage  &  Co. 

Leading  Jewelers 
GUELPH 


Please  mention  the  0.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


XXI 


Phone  527 


THE  HOME  OF  SUPERIOR  310TI0N  PICTURES 


Symphony  Orchestra — Popular  Prices 
Matinee  Daily  2.30  Evenings  8  o’clock 

TWO  SHOWS  SATURDAY  AND  HOLIDAY  EVENINGS 

7  and  9  o’clock 

Buy  a  Scrip  Book.  Convenient  and  saves  you  money.  Good 

for  admission  in  sixty  different  Theatres.  $10.00  Books  $8.50.  $5.00 
Books  $4.50. 


The 

Dominion  - 
Bank 

Established  1871 

Complete  Banking  Facilities 

Manufacturers  and  business  houses 
carrying  their  accounts  with  the 
Dominion  Bank  are  assured  of  effi¬ 
cient  service. 

WE  INVITE  ACCOUNTS  OF  THE 
STAFF  AND  STUDENTS 

Savings  Department 

Interest  allowed  on  deposits  and 
paid  or  added  to  accounts  twice  a 

year. 

GUELPH  BRANCH 
A  E.  GIBSON,  MANAGER 


Two  Phones — 835 — 269. 

Our  Aim — Always  Better  Service 

QUALITY 

THE  BEST 

HARDWARE,  CUTLERY 
SPORTING  GOODS 

PENFOLD 

Hardware  Co. 


The  Red  Front  100-8  Macdonnell  St 

Agency  Dcering  and  McCormack 
Implements 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


XXII 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


While  Travelling 


Other 
Safe  Ways: 

Letters  of 

Credit 

Drafts 

Money  Orders 

Transfers  by 
Mail  or  Wire 


ONE  of  the  safest  ways  of  carrying 
money  when  travelling  is  by  means 
of  Travellers’  Cheques. 

They  are  as  good  as  cash  in  almost  any  part 
of  the  world  and  have  the  distinct  advantage 
of  protecting  your  money  against  loss.  They 
are  sell-identifying  and  can  be  cashed  only  by 
the  original  purchaser. 


G444 


Travellers’  Cheques  in  your  pocket  are 
equivalent  to  ready  money. 


Bank 


Guelph  Branch — R.  L.  Torrance,  Manager. 


Tickled  to  Death 

Theatrical  Manager  (to  “corpse”) — 
What  the  dickens  do  you  mean  by 
laughing  when  you  were  killed  in  the 
last  act? 

Corpse — Why,  with  the  salary  you 
pay  me,  to  die  is  a  pleasure  I  assure 
you ! — Passing  Show. 

A  Rapid  Comeback 

“Ah  shuah  pity  you,”  said  a  colored 
pugilist  to  his  opponent  as  they  squared 
off.  “Ah  was  born  with  boxin’  gloves 
on.  ” 

“Maybe  you  was,”  retorted  the 
other,  “and  ah  reckon  you’s  going  to 
die  de  same  way.” 


To  Be  Quite  Precise 

At  a  college  examination  a  professor 
asked:  “Does  the  question  embarrass 
you?” 

“Not  at  all,  sir,”  replied  the  stu¬ 
dent;  “not  at  all.  It  is  quite  clear. 
It  is  the  answer  that  bothers  me!” — 
Watchman  Examiner. 


Equivocal 

“How  is  this?  You  have  had  three 
positions  and  have  no  testimonial!” 

“Well,  you  see,  I  stayed  in  each 
place  until  my  employer  died!” — Pele 
Mele  (Paris). 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


XX1I1 


PRECISION  AND  PERFECTION 
We  examine  eyes  with  the  proper 
scientific  knowledge  and  the  most 
modern  facilities.  We  examine  exact¬ 
ly  into  your  vision-requirements.  Here 
you  find  relief  from  imperfect  eye¬ 
sight. 

A.  D.  SAVAGE,  Optometrist 

Savage  Building,  Guelph. 

Phone  1091W. 


Guelph  and  Ontario 
Investment  and 
Savings  Society 

1  °/ 

2  /o 

allowed  on  deposits 

Subject  to  cheque  withdrawal. 

The  faculty  and  students  of  the 
O.  A.  C.  and  Macdonald  Institute  are 
cordially  invited  to  make  use  of  the 
services  of  our  Savings  Department. 

Office:  Corner  Wyndham  and  Cork 
Streets,  Guelph 

Geo.  D.  Forbes,  J.  M.  Purcell, 

President  Manager 


The  Power  to 
Please  Popular 
Taste  ! 

THERE’S  ONLY  ONE  WAY  TO 
GAIN  PUBLIC  FAVOR.  THAT 
IS  TO  DESERVE  IT.  EVERY¬ 
BODY  LIKES 

Our  Candy 

It  is  good  to  eat  because  tbe 
ingredients  are  wholesome. 


$.  %  iUi ni penny 


TAILOR  AND  PRESSER 


Men’s  Suits  made  to  measure 


$ 


24.00 


Contracts,  $1.50 

4  Suits 


THE  KANDY  KITCHEN 


54  Cork  St.  Stovel’s  Block 

Phone  400 


Please  mention  the  0.  A.  0.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


XXIV 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


- - 

Hales'  Meat  Market 

Opposite  MacDonalds  Phones  239,  649 

“WHERE  GOOD  MEATS  ABOUND” 

COOKED  MEATS  “POULTRY 

and  the  Choicest  of  Fresh  Meats 

Free  Delivery  to  the  College  and  College  Heights  twice  daily. 

Our  Goods  and  Our  Service  do  Satisfy. 


r 

— 

JACKSON 

BROS. 

Lower  Wyndham  Street 

Guelph,  Ont. 

OUR  PRICES  THE 

LOWEST 

For  the  Quality  We  Give. 

OUR  GROCERIES  AND  FRUIT  ALWAYS  THE  BEST 

THE  LONG  STORE  WITH  THE 

SHORT  PRICES 

C 

J 

§ 


The  O’Keefes 

Artistic  Photographers 

Dominion  Bank  Building 


Your  friends  will  appreciate 

the  gift  that  only  you  can  give  — 

YObR  PHOTOGRAPH 


| 

I 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


XXV 


Liggett’s  Drug  Store 

18  LOWER  WYNDHAM  STREET 

TOILETS  CANDY  STATIONERY 
PATENTS  FRENCH  IVORY 

KODAKS 

DEVELOPING  AND  PRINTING 

SPECIAL  THIS  MONTH 

Hercules  Self-Filling  Fountain  Pen 

14  Kt.  Gold  Nibs  $1.00.  Indian  Points 


CAPITOL  ENTERTAINMENT  I>E  LUXE 


Playing  only  the  Best  in 
STAGE  and  SCREEN 
ENTERTAINMENT 

YOU  ARE  ALWAYS  SURE  OF  A  GOOD  SHOW  AT  THE  CAPITOL 

Evenings  at  8  o’clock  (except  Saturdays).  Two  shows  Satur¬ 
day  nights,  7  and  9  o’clock.  (Nothing  ever  omitted  at  either  per¬ 
formances). 

Buy  a  Scrip  Book  and  save  money.  They  are  transferable. 
Economical  for  theatre  parties. 


Pleas©  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


XXVI 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


BOND’S 

* 

Do  Vou  Enjoy 

Real  Winter  Sport? 


TOBOGGANS 


SLEIGHS 


Such  as 

—  SKIS  — 

SNOW  SHOES 

SKI  HARNESS  and  SNOW  SHOE  HARNESS 

BOND’S  HAVE  HARDWARE  FOR  EVERY  PURPOSE 

Phone  1012 


The  Bond  Hardware  Co.  Limited 

“We  Have  What  You  Want” 


Kelly’s 

For  Music  and 
Musical  Instruments 

A  Few  Students  Specials 

A  Splendid  Ukuele . $  2.98 

Hawaiian  Guitar . $15.00 

Tenor  Banjo . $25.00 

Ukuele'  Banjo  . $  8.50 

Strings  Ports  Repairs 


1-* 


LLY 


9 


MUSIC  STORE 

33  Wyndham  Street 
Victor  Records 

The  Bell  Piano  Nordheimer  Piano 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


THE  0.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


xxvii 


We 

Confess 


that  our  ambition  is  fto 
help  provide  the  proper 
frame  for  the  picture-, 
which  is  the  individuality 
of  our  customers.  It’s  a 
great  pleasure  to  fit  a  man 
out  in  .just  the  kind  of 
thing  he  ought  to  wear. 
A  suit  ,  a  tie,  a  shirt — you 
know  how  it  is ;  what’s  all 
right  for  one  man  is  all 
wrong  for  another.  We 
like  to  be  consulted.  That’s 
human  nature,  isn’t  it? 


Society  Brand 


Go  anywhere,  ask  anybody,  you’ll  find  no  better  clothes  than 

Society  Brand 


D.  E.  Macdonald  &  Bros.,  Limited 

At  '  •  -  -  *  4  ; 

Guelph’s  Leading  and  Largest  Store  Lower  Wyndham  St. 
Men’s  Branch  Store,  Upper  Wyndham  St. 


Please  mention  the  0.  A.  0/ REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


XXV111 


THE  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW 


High  School  Boards  and  Boards  of  Education 

Are  Authorized  by  Law  to  Establish 

INDUSTRIAL,  TECHNICAL 

and 

ART  SCHOOLS 

WITH  THE  APPROVAL  OF  THE  MINISTER  OF  EDUCATION 

Day  and  Evening  Classes  may  be  conducted  in  accordance  with  the  regula¬ 
tions  issued  by  the  Department  of  Education. 

Theoretical  and  Practical  Instruction  is  given  in  various  trades.  The  schools 
and  classes  are  under  the  direction  of  an  Advisory  Committee. 


Commercial  Subjects,  Manual  Training,  Household  Science  and  Agriculture 
and  Horticulture  are  provided  for  in  the  Courses  of  Study  in  Public,  Separate, 
Continuation  and  High  Schools,  Collegiate  Institutes,  Vocational  Schools  and 
Departments. 


Copies  of  the  Regulations  issued  by  the  Minister  of  Education  may  be  ob¬ 
tained  from  the  Deputy  Minister,  Parliament  Buildings,  Toronto. 

Toronto,  December,  1921. 


Give  Your  Hens  A  Square  Deal,  Feed 


0pUI-T|)i^ 

r  foods 7 


Chick  Food, 
Growing  Mash, 
Scratch  Food, 


More  Eggs 
and 

Better  Birds 


Laying  Mash, 
Fattening  Mash, 
Pigeon  Food, 


WESTERN  CANADA  FLOUR  MILLS  COMPANY,  LIMITED 

TORONTO,  ONT. 


Please  mention  the  O.  A.  C.  REVIEW  when  answering  Advertisements 


f - -  — 

aV 

Guelph 

Business  Directory 

(Continued) 

i 

i 

i 

i 

Dry  Goods  &  Ladies’  Wear— 

■ -  '  1  i 

*  j 

Magazines  and  Newspapers — 

D.  E.  Macdonald  &  Bros 

.,  Ltd.  Daly’s 

Cole  Bros.  &  Scott 

Murphy  &  Jones 

Foster’s 

John  Armstrong 

Musical  Instruments,  Music,  Etc. —  . 

C.  W.  Kelly  &  Son. 

Druggists — 

MaT’ehall’s 

Machinery' — 

Alex.  Stewart 

Pioneer  Equipment 

Bi oadfoot 

Liggett’s 

Opticians  and  Optometrists — 

H.  L.  Wing 

Geo.  Pringle 

A.  D.  Savage 

Florists — 

James  Gilchrist 

Photographers — 

Miss  E.  S.  Marriott 

The  Kennedy  Studio 

Earle  Frid 

O’Keefe  Studio 

Printing — 

K  riii vs -  13 

Jackson  Bros. 

The  Glimmer  Press 

Geo.  Williams 

Earle  Frid 

Royal  City  Press 

Wallace  Printing  Co. 

Kelso  Printing  Co. 

Groceries — 

Radio  Sets — 

Jackson  Bros, 

C.  W.  Kellv  &  Son. 

Geo.  Williams 

Shoe  Repairing — 

Hair-Dressing  Parlors — 

J.  D.  McArthur 

Mrs.  F.  MacKenna 

Campbell’s  Shoe  Repair  Shop 

Geo.  Stovel’s 

Hardware — 

The  Bond  Hardware  Co.  Tailors — 

Howden  Hardware  Co. 

Keleher  &  Hendley 

Penfold  Hardware  Co. 

Theatres — 

Insurance — 

Castle 

W.  E.  (Bill)  Hamilton 

Regent 

Sun  Life 

Jewellers — 

Tobacco  Shops —  1 

Murphy  &  Jones 

Daly’s 

Savage  &  Co. 

Smith  &  Mahoney 

Meat  Markets — 

J.  J.  McTague 

Hales’  Meat  Market 

W.  G.  Singer 

Milton’s  Meat  Market 

Lumber — 

Furniture — 

Guelph  Lumber  Co. 

— 

Smith’s  Furniture  Store 

| 

ONTARIO  AGRICULTURAL  AND 
EXPERIMENTAL  UNION 

Ontario  Agricultural  College, Guelph,  Ontario. 

1926 


The  followng  is  a  list  of  the  officers,  directors,  auditors  and  members 
of  the  different  committees  in  charge  of  the  co-operative  experimental 
work  of  the  Ontario  Agricultural  and  Experimental  Union  for  the  year 
1926: 


Officers  for  the  Year  1826-27 

President — F.  E.  Webster,  Creemore,  Ontario. 

Vice-President — C.  D.  Jarvis,  Grimsby,  Ontario. 

Secretary— C.  A.  Zavitz,  Agricultural  College,  Guelph. 

Assistant  Secretary — W.  J.  Squirrell,  Agricultural  College,  Guelph. 
Treasurer— A.  W.  Mason,  Agricultural  College,  Guelph. 

Directors — J.  B.  Reynolds,  W.  H.  Porter,  F.  W.  Goble,  J.  Steckle, 
L.  C.  Young. 


Auditors 


R.  C.  Moffatt  and  A.  M.  Porter 

Committees  on  Co-operative  Experimental  Work,  1926 

Field  Husbandry— C.  A.  Zavitz  (Director),  W.  J.  Squirrell,  J.  Bu¬ 
chanan,  A.  W.  Mason,  A.  E.  Whiteside. 

Forestry — E.  J.  Zavtzi  (Director),  A.  H.  Tomlinson,  H.  A.  Dorrance. 

Agricultural  Chemistry — R.  Harcourt  (Director),  S.  Waterman,  A. 
H.  McLennan,  F.  VC.  Presant. 

Apiculture — F.  E.  Milieu  (Director),  G.  L.  Jarvis,  E.  J.  Dyce. 

Agricultural  Botany — J.  E.  Howitt  (Director),  T.  G.  Raynor,  Her¬ 
bert  Groh,  W.  J.  Lennox. 

Farm  Literature — L.  Stevenson  (Director),  0.  J.  Stevenson,  A.  Mac- 
la  ren. 

Agricultural  Physics — W.  C.  Blackwood  (Director),  R.  R.  Graham, 
R.  C.  Moffatt,  F.  L.  Ferguson. 

Bacteriology — iD.  IT.  Jones  (Director),  A.  Davey,  D.  B.  Shutt. 

Animal  Husbandry- — Wade  Toole  (Director),  J.  Steckley,  R.  G.  Knox, 
G.  E.  Raithby. 

Horticulture — A.  H.  McLennan  (Director),  A.  TI.  Tomlinson,  D.  A. 
Kimball,  F.  W.  Presant. 

Farm  Economics — A.  Leitch  (Director),  J.  Coke,  R.  D.  Colquette, 
F.  C.  Hart  (first  appointed  January  15th,  1926). 


There  were  nine  committees  on  co-operative  experiments  in  1924, 
ten  in  1925,  and  eleven  in  1926.  In  1925  there  were  638  more  co-operative 
experimenters  in  Field  Husbandry  than  in  1924,  1,126  more  than  in  1923, 
and  1,216  more  than  four  years  ago. 

F.  E.  WEBSTER,  C.  A.  ZAVITZ, 

President.  Secretary.